자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0017162993

International Standard Book Number  

9798384336143

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

616

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Kaufmann, Matthew Brandon.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : Stanford University., 2024

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024

Physical Description  

147 p.

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.

General Note  

Advisor: Goldhaber-Fiebert, Jeremy.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.

Summary, Etc.  

요약The field of decision sciences has the potential to make lasting impacts on health and equity. In kidney transplantation, older candidates are harmed by our current kidney allocation system because the system incentivizes transplanting healthier candidates with higher-quality kidneys. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the strongest known risk factor for gastric cancer, and there are large racial and ethnic disparities in prevalence in the United States. My dissertation focuses on decision science methods and applications that address these inequalities. In my first chapter, I developed and calibrated a microsimulation model of the kidney transplant process for older adults in the United States. After calibration, the model was able to accurately replicate the transplant process. I found that receiving an imperfect but transplant-quality deceased donor kidney results in longer life expectancy than remaining on dialysis. The second chapter uses the calibrated model from my first chapter to simulate policy options that make use of imperfect but transplant-quality donor kidneys that would otherwise go unused. Allowing older candidates access to any available and usable kidneys is estimated to be cost-effective from the healthcare sector perspective and cost-saving from the societal perspective. For my third chapter, I proposed a new method for estimating Who-Acquired-Infection-From-Whom (WAIFW) matrix parameters with multiple levels of stratification. The method allows modelers to capture heterogeneous mixing patterns. We demonstrate that in the context of H. pylori, an assortative mixing assumption will underestimate the impact of policies compared to a proportional mixing assumption. My research develops and applies decision sciences methods to the fields of kidney transplantation and H. pylorifocusing on heterogeneities in these populations. This work has implications for health outcomes and equity in both the general population as well as underserved populations.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Hemodialysis.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Infectious diseases.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Patients.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Quality of life.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Diabetes.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Life expectancy.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Mortality.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Kidney diseases.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Decision making.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Kidney transplants.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Ethnicity.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Disease transmission.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Ethnic studies.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Health sciences.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Medical ethics.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Medicine.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Public health.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Statistics.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Surgery.

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

Stanford University.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03B.

Electronic Location and Access  

로그인을 한후 보실 수 있는 자료입니다.

Control Number  

joongbu:657725