자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0017160296

International Standard Book Number  

9798382193311

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

551.5

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Moore, Daniel P.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : Princeton University., 2024

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024

Physical Description  

210 p.

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-10, Section: B.

General Note  

Advisor: Zondlo, Mark A.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Princeton University, 2024.

Summary, Etc.  

요약Atmospheric measurements are needed to investigate the observed uncertainty in emissions of important trace gases like methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and ammonia (NH3) from high-emitting sectors, such as agriculture, transportation and waste. Upon release to the atmosphere, these gases can negatively impact human health and the environment, both directly and indirectly, through pollution and climate change, for instance. However, understanding of the magnitude and variability of their emissions is limited. In this work, I used multiple observational datasets in conjunction with several quantification methods to investigate the characteristics of CH4, N2O and NH3 emissions from these three important sectors. A first-ever, statistically robust sector-wide inventory of CH4, N2O and NH3 emissions from US wastewater treatment was developed using measurements captured from a mobile-based platform and a facility-level quantification technique rooted in Bayesian statistics. This measurement-informed inventory was found to be significantly greater than current national inventories by factors of 2.3 (95% CI: 1.8- 2.9) and 2.0 (95% CI: 1.4-2.8) for CH4 and N2O, respectively. Wastewater NH3 emissions were only identified from a subset of facilities, but scaled emissions are comparable to current estimates of on-road vehicle exhaust emissions. I also measured thousands of vehicle exhaust plumes and used them to characterize vehicular N2O and NH3 emissions across seasonal, diurnal, and regional scales. Measured N2O and NH3 emission ratios were scaled to the entire US using well-constrained carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, resulting in sector-wide emissions of 123 kt N2O yr−1 and 215 kt NH3 yr−1 , or roughly 3.4 (95% CI: 3.2-3.9) and 2.4 (95% CI: 2.2-2.6) times greater than current estimates, respectively. Finally, satellite-based measurements were employed as an alternative observational platform to investigate gas fluxes on larger and longer scales than in-situ measurements. Specifically, a physics-based flux calculation method was utilized to quantify NH3 fluxes across the US over the 15-year period of 2008-2022 at high spatial and temporal resolutions. NH3 fluxes (11.7 ± 3.3 Mt NH3 yr−1 ) were 2.1 times greater than current estimates and are increasing at a rate of 6.0 ± 0.7% per year. Comparisons between livestock- and cropland-dominated regions magnify the complexities of NH3 fluxes.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Atmospheric sciences.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Atmospheric chemistry.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Environmental engineering.

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Ammonia

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Emissions

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Vehicle exhaust

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Wastewater treatment

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Methane

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Nitrous oxide

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

Princeton University Civil and Environmental Engineering

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-10B.

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:654621