자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0017161172

International Standard Book Number  

9798382775272

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

301

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Goldman, Benjamin.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : Harvard University., 2024

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024

Physical Description  

160 p.

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: A.

General Note  

Advisor: Chetty, Raj;Shapiro, Jesse.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2024.

Summary, Etc.  

요약In the first essay, we study why Americans rarely marry outside of their race or class group. We distinguish between two possible explanations: a lack of exposure to other groups versus a preference to marry within group. We develop an instrument for neighborhood exposure to opposite-sex members of other race and class groups using variation in sex ratios among nearby birth cohorts in childhood neighborhoods. We then test whether increased exposure results in more interracial (white-Black) and interclass (top-to-bottom parent income quartile) marriages. Increased exposure to opposite-sex members of other class groups generates a substantial increase in interclass marriage, but increased exposure to other race groups has no detectable effect on interracial marriage. We use these results to estimate a spatial model of the marriage market and quantify the impact of reducing residential segregation in general equilibrium. For small changes in exposure, the model implies effects in line with recent estimates from policy experiments. We then use the model to assess the overall contribution of segregation and find that residential segregation has large effects on interclass, but not interracial, marriage.In the second essay, we analyze the adult earnings impacts of the largest comprehensive student support program in the United States. Communities in Schools (CIS) places a "navigator" in high-poverty schools who provides an integrated system of supports to students, including academic (e.g., tutoring), economic (e.g., access to food assistance, housing), and mentoring. In 2023, CIS worked with 1.8 million students in 3,750 schools. Using later-treated CIS schools as a control, we estimate that four years of exposure to CIS generates a $1,500 (6% of control mean) increase in earnings at age 30. Effects are larger for students from low-income families and are driven by a reduction in non-employment and an increase in the probability of having a low-paying job. Each child exposed to four years of CIS is expected to pay an additional $9,000 in taxes between ages 18-65, which compares favorably to the direct cost of the program. Our results are relevant for the growing community school movement and illuminate a possible path for improving economic mobility in low opportunity neighborhoods.In the third essay, we use worker-level data on industry, occupation, and place of work to explore differences in the spatial properties of production, administrative, and R&D occupation groups within industries. To measure differences, we calculate location quotients at the local labor market level and the Duranton and Overman (2005) agglomeration index for each group. We find appreciable differences in the spatial distribution of occupation groups within most manufacturing industries, with R&D occupations consistently exhibiting the highest degree of spatial concentration. Our results are consistent with the core theoretical and empirical results in the agglomeration literature.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Sociology.

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Homophily

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Inequality

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Marriage

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Mobility

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Sorting

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

Harvard University Economics

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12A.

Electronic Location and Access  

로그인을 한후 보실 수 있는 자료입니다.

Control Number  

joongbu:654268