자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0016933810

International Standard Book Number  

9798380267991

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

629.22509

Main Entry-Personal Name  

He, Yiming.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : Stanford University., 2021

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021

Physical Description  

1 online resource(171 p.)

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: A.

General Note  

Advisor: Abramitzky, Ran;Dupas, Pascaline;Dupas, Pascaline;Fetter, Daniel;Morten, Melanie.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2021.

Restrictions on Access Note  

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Summary, Etc.  

요약This dissertation studies several issues related to the development of cities from a historical perspective. I exploit historical government policies and natural experiments that have potential long-run consequences on cities and urban residents. I collect rich and granular historical records that allow me to follow individuals and locations over time. I hope my findings will shed light on urbanization that is taking place rapidly in low- and middleincome countries today.The first chapter is titled "Does Slum Demolition Affect the Economic Outcomes of the Displaced? Evidence from Victorian England". I use a natural experiment in England between 1875 and 1900, when slum residents were evicted with short notice and little compensation. Combining archival government records and linked census data, I find that displacement resulted in labor market disruptions 5-10 years afterwards. The displaced were more likely to report having no occupations compared to the non-displaced on the same street. Those who continued working were more likely to switch to different occupations and less likely to be business owners. They switched to occupations of similar social class, suggesting that skill substitutability was high for low-skilled workers. Low housing availability nearby exacerbated labor market disruptions, suggesting that the displaced gave up some local job opportunities when they were forced to move away. The displaced eventually recovered and I do not find evidence that labor market disruptions persisted 15-20 years after displacement.The second chapter is titled "Does Land Use Restriction Impede Long-run Urban Development? Evidence from the Ejido System in Mexico". I use a historical land institution in Mexico that outlawed the conversion of agricultural land for non-agricultural use to study its unintended consequences on long-run urban development. Between 1917 and 1992, Mexico granted half of its surface areas to a communal land system called ejido. The ejido land could only be used for agricultural production and could not be transferred or leased out for non-agricultural use. Using a spatial regression discontinuity design, urban land parcels on the inside of the ejido boundaries were less likely be built-up in 1975 and 1990. The difference became smaller after the 1992 PROCEDE reform that allowed privatization of ejido land plots. I also find that, using a matched difference-in-difference design, cities that were more surrounded by ejidoland established in 1930s grew on average 10 percent slower between 1940 and 1990. The results suggest that difficulties in acquiring new land impeded urban expansion over time in 20th century Mexico.The third chapter is titled "Documenting the Urban Mortality Penalty in Early Modern Europe: Evidence from Migrants". I use a crowdsourced genealogy dataset spanning 200 years in early modern Europe to study the phenomenon known as the urban mortality penalty. I employ a research design that compares the lifespans of migrants born in the same location but moved to different destinations later in their lives. I find that migrants to urban areas lived on average 1.6 years shorter than migrants who moved to rural areas, and the difference is larger for cohorts born after 1800.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Demolition.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Housing conditions.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Poverty.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Censuses.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Mortality.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Ghettos.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Urban areas.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Occupations.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

19th century.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Neighborhoods.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Urban development.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Social classes.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Social structure.

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

Stanford University.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-03A.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertation Abstract International

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:641313