자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0016931929

International Standard Book Number  

9798379614843

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

574

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Bather, Jemar R.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : Harvard University., 2023

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023

Physical Description  

1 online resource(90 p.)

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.

General Note  

Advisor: Williams, Paige L.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2023.

Restrictions on Access Note  

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Summary, Etc.  

요약Youth with perinatal HIV exposure have demonstrated higher rates of emotional---behavioral problems than the general US youth population. However, more evidence is needed to help target prevention and intervention efforts throughout their lives. To address this need, we present three studies that provide novel insights on (1) racial/ethnic disparities in emotional---behavioral functioning, (2) identifying critical windows of exposure, and (3) sample size requirements for cluster randomized trials (CRTs) with binary baseline and follow-up measurements. Many of these findings are based on data from the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study, one of the largest US-based cohort studies of youth with perinatal HIV exposure.In Chapter 1, we longitudinally examined racial/ethnic disparities in emotional---behavioral functioning among youth with perinatal HIV exposure. We applied mixed-effects models to evaluate whether mean youth-reported emotional concerns and caregiver-reported behavioral concerns differed by race/ethnicity. We also employed group-based trajectory models to identify groups having similar emotional---behavioral trajectories, followed by multinomial models to determine which factors predicted group membership.In Chapter 2, we present a statistical evaluation of multiple informant models implemented using generalized estimating equations (MIM GEEs). This approach has been used to identify critical windows of exposure. We evaluated the impact of correlation between exposure measurements and missing exposure data on the power and differences in association estimated by the MIM GEE and an inverse probability weighted extension to account for informatively missing exposures. We assessed these operating characteristics under a variety of correlation structures, sample sizes, and missing data mechanisms considering various exposure-outcome scenarios. We then applied these methods to a study of pregnant women living with HIV to explore differences in association between trimester-specific viral load and infant neurodevelopment.In Chapter 3, we developed sample size formula for CRTs with a binary post-test score conditioning on a binary pre-test score, and compare efficiency to CRTs that use only binary post-test scores. We propose a method to decrease the variance of the estimated treatment difference and thereby decrease the necessary sample size. Our work is developed within a semi-parametric framework that does not require the assumptions of maximum likelihood, while allowing for within-period, between-period, and within-individual correlations.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Biostatistics.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Epidemiology.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Statistics.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Public health.

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Mental health

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Cluster randomized trials

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Perinatal HIV exposure

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

HIV studies

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

Harvard University Biostatistics

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 84-12B.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertation Abstract International

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:639990