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Sources of Bias in Naturalistic Decision Making Under Risk.
Sources of Bias in Naturalistic Decision Making Under Risk.

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자료유형  
 학위논문
Control Number  
0017163662
International Standard Book Number  
9798384093855
Dewey Decimal Classification Number  
153
Main Entry-Personal Name  
Qin, Chao.
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
[S.l.] : University of Washington., 2024
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
Physical Description  
140 p.
General Note  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
General Note  
Advisor: Joslyn, Susan.
Dissertation Note  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2024.
Summary, Etc.  
요약Severe weather situations such as tornadoes and droughts require people to take protective action even when the probability of the severe weather is low because the consequence of not protecting is very serious. In naturalistic decision experiments based on these situations, people are risk-seeking such that they often do not take protective actions when it is economically rational to do so. This project studied this phenomenon from a signal detection theory perspective. A random likelihood model was introduced to estimate the subjective criterion which is the likelihood above which one takes protection actions. This model separates the subjective criterion from subjective likelihood, which is participants' perception of the probability of the weather event. Three experiments manipulated the gain-loss framing and the economically rational criterion (the criterion based on expected value theory) to examine their effect on the subjective criterion. When the gain-loss framing was manipulated, the subjective criterion was higher in a loss frame than a gain frame. When the economically rational criterion was manipulated, the subjective criterion was between the economically rational criterion and the center of the possible likelihood range (50%). Neither manipulation affected subjective likelihood. In addition, participants showed an overestimation in subjective likelihood in all conditions. The shifted subjective criterion overcame this overestimation and resulted in risk-seeking decisions in some conditions. Thus, the random likelihood model analysis suggests that shift of the subjective criterion is the source of risk-seeking decisions in naturalistic decision tasks. Potential interventions are discussed with the aim to improve the placement of the subjective criterion.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Cognitive psychology.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Experimental psychology.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Behavioral psychology.
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Decision making
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Weather forecast
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Signal detection theory
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Subjective criterion
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Naturalistic decision
Added Entry-Corporate Name  
University of Washington Psychology
Host Item Entry  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03B.
Electronic Location and Access  
로그인을 한후 보실 수 있는 자료입니다.
Control Number  
joongbu:657871

MARC

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■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a153
■1001  ▼aQin,  Chao.
■24510▼aSources  of  Bias  in  Naturalistic  Decision  Making  Under  Risk.
■260    ▼a[S.l.]▼bUniversity  of  Washington.  ▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a140  p.
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Joslyn,  Susan.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Washington,  2024.
■520    ▼aSevere  weather  situations  such  as  tornadoes  and  droughts  require  people  to  take  protective  action  even  when  the  probability  of  the  severe  weather  is  low  because  the  consequence  of  not  protecting  is  very  serious.  In  naturalistic  decision  experiments  based  on  these  situations,  people  are  risk-seeking  such  that  they  often  do  not  take  protective  actions  when  it  is  economically  rational  to  do  so.  This  project  studied  this  phenomenon  from  a  signal  detection  theory  perspective.  A  random  likelihood  model  was  introduced  to  estimate  the  subjective  criterion  which  is  the  likelihood  above  which  one  takes  protection  actions.  This  model  separates  the  subjective  criterion  from  subjective  likelihood,  which  is  participants'  perception  of  the  probability  of  the  weather  event.  Three  experiments  manipulated  the  gain-loss  framing  and  the  economically  rational  criterion  (the  criterion  based  on  expected  value  theory)  to  examine  their  effect  on  the  subjective  criterion.  When  the  gain-loss  framing  was  manipulated,  the  subjective  criterion  was  higher  in  a  loss  frame  than  a  gain  frame.  When  the  economically  rational  criterion  was  manipulated,  the  subjective  criterion  was  between  the  economically  rational  criterion  and  the  center  of  the  possible  likelihood  range  (50%).  Neither  manipulation  affected  subjective  likelihood.  In  addition,  participants  showed  an  overestimation  in  subjective  likelihood  in  all  conditions.  The  shifted  subjective  criterion  overcame  this  overestimation  and  resulted  in  risk-seeking  decisions  in  some  conditions.  Thus,  the  random  likelihood  model  analysis  suggests  that  shift  of  the  subjective  criterion  is  the  source  of  risk-seeking  decisions  in  naturalistic  decision  tasks.  Potential  interventions  are  discussed  with  the  aim  to  improve  the  placement  of  the  subjective  criterion.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0250.
■650  4▼aCognitive  psychology.
■650  4▼aExperimental  psychology.
■650  4▼aBehavioral  psychology.
■653    ▼aDecision  making
■653    ▼aWeather  forecast
■653    ▼aSignal  detection  theory
■653    ▼aSubjective  criterion
■653    ▼aNaturalistic  decision
■690    ▼a0633
■690    ▼a0623
■690    ▼a0384
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Washington▼bPsychology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-03B.
■790    ▼a0250
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163662▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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