자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0017162858

International Standard Book Number  

9798382740683

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

004

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Krosnick, Rebecca P.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : University of Michigan., 2024

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024

Physical Description  

126 p.

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.

General Note  

Advisor: Oney, Steve.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.

Summary, Etc.  

요약User interface (UI) automation allows people to perform UI tasks programmatically and can be helpful for computer or smartphone tasks that are tedious, repetitive, or inaccessible. UI automation works by programmatically mimicking a user's interactions on a UI, for example clicking a button or typing into a text field. Traditionally people create UI automation macros by writing code, which requires programming expertise and familiarity with UI technologies. Researchers have explored direct manipulation interfaces and programming-by-demonstration (PBD) to make creating UI automation more accessible for people with less programming experience. With PBD, the user provides demonstrations of how they want their program to behave in a small set of scenarios, and the system then infers a generalized program. Since demonstrations are inherently ambiguous, a key challenge of PBD is in correctly inferring the user's intent and effectively communicating those inferences back to the user. In this thesis, I address important challenges in authoring UI automation macros by leveraging user-provided demonstrations and parameters, and structural patterns in the UI to infer generalized automation; and in understanding UI automation macros by (a) highlighting selected elements on the target UI, (b) visualizing high-level behavior through sequences of actions and UIs visited, (c) visualizing generalizations through color-coding UI elements and grouping corresponding UIs, and (d) providing feedback on validity and uniqueness of element selection logic. First, I conducted two studies observing how programmers write automation code. One of the key challenges participants experienced was in identifying appropriate UI element selection logic. Next, I designed two programming-by-demonstration systems, ParamMacros and ScrapeViz, that enable users to create automation macros without writing code. Users provide demonstrations of what UI elements they want to click or scrape, and then these systems leverage structural patterns in the website DOM to identify patterns and infer generalized automation. ParamMacros supports parameterized macros (powered by user-provided parameters) while ScrapeViz supports distributed hierarchical web scraping macros. ScrapeViz also provides visual tools to help users understand automation behavior in the context of the page source and across different UI pages. This thesis contributes learnings about the challenges users face in creating UI automation macros, and no-code authoring tools and visual understanding tools which have the promise to make UI automation more accessible to a wider audience.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Computer science.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Information science.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Computer engineering.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Information technology.

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Web automation

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Programming by demonstration

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

User interfaces

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

End-user programming

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Human-computer interaction

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

University of Michigan Computer Science & Engineering

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:657766