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Decision Sciences, Health, and Equity: Applications and Methods for Kidney Allocation and Infectious Diseases.
Decision Sciences, Health, and Equity: Applications and Methods for Kidney Allocation and Infectious Diseases.

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자료유형  
 학위논문
Control Number  
0017162993
International Standard Book Number  
9798384336143
Dewey Decimal Classification Number  
616
Main Entry-Personal Name  
Kaufmann, Matthew Brandon.
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
[S.l.] : Stanford University., 2024
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
Physical Description  
147 p.
General Note  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
General Note  
Advisor: Goldhaber-Fiebert, Jeremy.
Dissertation Note  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
Summary, Etc.  
요약The field of decision sciences has the potential to make lasting impacts on health and equity. In kidney transplantation, older candidates are harmed by our current kidney allocation system because the system incentivizes transplanting healthier candidates with higher-quality kidneys. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the strongest known risk factor for gastric cancer, and there are large racial and ethnic disparities in prevalence in the United States. My dissertation focuses on decision science methods and applications that address these inequalities. In my first chapter, I developed and calibrated a microsimulation model of the kidney transplant process for older adults in the United States. After calibration, the model was able to accurately replicate the transplant process. I found that receiving an imperfect but transplant-quality deceased donor kidney results in longer life expectancy than remaining on dialysis. The second chapter uses the calibrated model from my first chapter to simulate policy options that make use of imperfect but transplant-quality donor kidneys that would otherwise go unused. Allowing older candidates access to any available and usable kidneys is estimated to be cost-effective from the healthcare sector perspective and cost-saving from the societal perspective. For my third chapter, I proposed a new method for estimating Who-Acquired-Infection-From-Whom (WAIFW) matrix parameters with multiple levels of stratification. The method allows modelers to capture heterogeneous mixing patterns. We demonstrate that in the context of H. pylori, an assortative mixing assumption will underestimate the impact of policies compared to a proportional mixing assumption. My research develops and applies decision sciences methods to the fields of kidney transplantation and H. pylorifocusing on heterogeneities in these populations. This work has implications for health outcomes and equity in both the general population as well as underserved populations.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Hemodialysis.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Infectious diseases.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Patients.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Quality of life.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Diabetes.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Life expectancy.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Mortality.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Kidney diseases.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Decision making.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Kidney transplants.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Ethnicity.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Disease transmission.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Ethnic studies.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Health sciences.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Medical ethics.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Medicine.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Public health.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Statistics.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Surgery.
Added Entry-Corporate Name  
Stanford University.
Host Item Entry  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03B.
Electronic Location and Access  
로그인을 한후 보실 수 있는 자료입니다.
Control Number  
joongbu:657725

MARC

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■1001  ▼aKaufmann,  Matthew  Brandon.
■24510▼aDecision  Sciences,  Health,  and  Equity:  Applications  and  Methods  for  Kidney  Allocation  and  Infectious  Diseases.
■260    ▼a[S.l.]▼bStanford  University.  ▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a147  p.
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Goldhaber-Fiebert,  Jeremy.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aThe  field  of  decision  sciences  has  the  potential  to  make  lasting  impacts  on  health  and  equity.  In  kidney  transplantation,  older  candidates  are  harmed  by  our  current  kidney  allocation  system  because  the  system  incentivizes  transplanting  healthier  candidates  with  higher-quality  kidneys.  Helicobacter  pylori  (H.  pylori)  is  the  strongest  known  risk  factor  for  gastric  cancer,  and  there  are  large  racial  and  ethnic  disparities  in  prevalence  in  the  United  States.  My  dissertation  focuses  on  decision  science  methods  and  applications  that  address  these  inequalities.  In  my  first  chapter,  I  developed  and  calibrated  a  microsimulation  model  of  the  kidney  transplant  process  for  older  adults  in  the  United  States.  After  calibration,  the  model  was  able  to  accurately  replicate  the  transplant  process.  I  found  that  receiving  an  imperfect  but  transplant-quality  deceased  donor  kidney  results  in  longer  life  expectancy  than  remaining  on  dialysis.  The  second  chapter  uses  the  calibrated  model  from  my  first  chapter  to  simulate  policy  options  that  make  use  of  imperfect  but  transplant-quality  donor  kidneys  that  would  otherwise  go  unused.  Allowing  older  candidates  access  to  any  available  and  usable  kidneys  is  estimated  to  be  cost-effective  from  the  healthcare  sector  perspective  and  cost-saving  from  the  societal  perspective.  For  my  third  chapter,  I  proposed  a  new  method  for  estimating  Who-Acquired-Infection-From-Whom  (WAIFW)  matrix  parameters  with  multiple  levels  of  stratification.  The  method  allows  modelers  to  capture  heterogeneous  mixing  patterns.  We  demonstrate  that  in  the  context  of  H.  pylori,  an  assortative  mixing  assumption  will  underestimate  the  impact  of  policies  compared  to  a  proportional  mixing  assumption.  My  research  develops  and  applies  decision  sciences  methods  to  the  fields  of  kidney  transplantation  and  H.  pylorifocusing  on  heterogeneities  in  these  populations.  This  work  has  implications  for  health  outcomes  and  equity  in  both  the  general  population  as  well  as  underserved  populations.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aHemodialysis.
■650  4▼aInfectious  diseases.
■650  4▼aPatients.
■650  4▼aQuality  of  life.
■650  4▼aDiabetes.
■650  4▼aLife  expectancy.
■650  4▼aMortality.
■650  4▼aKidney  diseases.
■650  4▼aDecision  making.
■650  4▼aKidney  transplants.
■650  4▼aEthnicity.
■650  4▼aDisease  transmission.
■650  4▼aEthnic  studies.
■650  4▼aHealth  sciences.
■650  4▼aMedical  ethics.
■650  4▼aMedicine.
■650  4▼aPublic  health.
■650  4▼aStatistics.
■650  4▼aSurgery.
■690    ▼a0631
■690    ▼a0769
■690    ▼a0566
■690    ▼a0497
■690    ▼a0564
■690    ▼a0573
■690    ▼a0463
■690    ▼a0576
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-03B.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162993▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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