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Exploring the Role of Chromatin Organization in Non-Genetic Mechanisms of Cancer Treatment Resistance.
Exploring the Role of Chromatin Organization in Non-Genetic Mechanisms of Cancer Treatment Resistance.
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문
- Control Number
- 0017164245
- International Standard Book Number
- 9798346857563
- Dewey Decimal Classification Number
- 610
- Main Entry-Personal Name
- Frederick, Jane.
- Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint
- [S.l.] : Northwestern University., 2024
- Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- Physical Description
- 263 p.
- General Note
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-06, Section: B.
- General Note
- Advisor: Backman, Vadim.
- Dissertation Note
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northwestern University, 2024.
- Summary, Etc.
- 요약Cancer cells can rapidly adapt and develop resistance to chemotherapy through non-genetic mechanisms involving changes in gene expression programs, in addition to genetic mutations over many generations. One proposed driver of this rapid transcriptional adaptation is alterations in the 3D organization and dynamics of chromatin - the complex that packages and regulates accessibility to the genome inside the nucleus. Chromatin, a dynamic assembly of DNA and associated proteins, behaves as a complex heteropolymer with intricate physical interactions within the nuclear environment. Therefore, beyond the direct influence of epigenetic modifiers on chromatin architecture, factors such as chromatin self-interactions and interactions with nuclear components, including ions, can profoundly impact gene accessibility and transcriptional activity. Adopting a polymer physics perspective facilitates a comprehensive understanding of how chromatin structure and its interactions dictate functional outcomes, such as transcriptional activity and cellular phenotype. Specific chromatin conformations may promote high transcriptional plasticity and activation of pro-survival pathways in response to cytotoxic stress, while other structures restrict this adaptive response resulting in cell death. However, the quantitative rules linking observable multi-scale chromatin structural changes to large-scale transcriptional reprogramming and phenotypic survival decisions remain poorly understood.This dissertation explores the fundamental role of chromatin architecture in dictating transcriptional adaptation to chemotherapy and chemoresistance in cancer. The central hypothesis is that preexisting chromatin conformations permissive to plasticity predispose cells to surviving treatment by enabling rapid transcriptional reprogramming, while restrictive chromatin structures increase cell death by limiting this adaptive response. An integrated experimental and computational approach is employed, including live-cell imaging to map 3D chromatin organization, polymer physics modeling to predict transcriptional plasticity, multi-omics molecular profiling, and pharmacological modulation of chromatin states. Chapter 1 firstly elucidates fundamental aspects of chromatin structure. Developments advanced imaging and quantification techniques to study chromatin architecture with minimal perturbation are described in Chapter 2. Subsequently, in Chapter 3, a computational model is proposed to delineate the mechanistic link between chromatin structure and phenotype, particularly cellular fate decisions driven by transcriptional programs. Furthermore, employing an ovarian cancer model in Chapter 4, this research demonstrates the potential of modulating chromatin organization to constrain phenotypic heterogeneity within cancer stem cell populations, thereby inhibiting the formation of new spheroids and potentially attenuating tumor progression. Chapter 5 concludes with a summary of the work completed in the dissertation and the potential future directions of this project.The findings elucidate key structural determinants of chromatin plasticity across multiple cancer types and their impact on cell survival during cytotoxic stress. Novel chromatin dynamics signatures are identified that predict treatment outcome and chemoresistance. Targeting these chromatin conformations with epigenetic drugs is demonstrated as a strategy to restrict non-genetic adaptation and resensitize resistant cells to therapy. Collectively, this work uncovers fundamental biological principles governing the epigenetic regulation of transcriptional plasticity and adaptation in cancer. These insights have significant implications for developing new therapeutic approaches to overcome treatment resistance by modulating chromatin structure and dynamics.
- Subject Added Entry-Topical Term
- Biomedical engineering.
- Subject Added Entry-Topical Term
- Biophysics.
- Subject Added Entry-Topical Term
- Cellular biology.
- Subject Added Entry-Topical Term
- Medical imaging.
- Subject Added Entry-Topical Term
- Genetics.
- Index Term-Uncontrolled
- Cancer cells
- Index Term-Uncontrolled
- Chemotherapy
- Index Term-Uncontrolled
- Chromatin
- Index Term-Uncontrolled
- Plasticity
- Index Term-Uncontrolled
- Treatment resistance
- Added Entry-Corporate Name
- Northwestern University Biomedical Engineering
- Host Item Entry
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-06B.
- Electronic Location and Access
- 로그인을 한후 보실 수 있는 자료입니다.
- Control Number
- joongbu:657395
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798346857563
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31564324
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a610
■1001 ▼aFrederick, Jane.▼0(orcid)0000-0003-3007-9197
■24510▼aExploring the Role of Chromatin Organization in Non-Genetic Mechanisms of Cancer Treatment Resistance.
■260 ▼a[S.l.]▼bNorthwestern University. ▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a263 p.
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-06, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Backman, Vadim.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Northwestern University, 2024.
■520 ▼aCancer cells can rapidly adapt and develop resistance to chemotherapy through non-genetic mechanisms involving changes in gene expression programs, in addition to genetic mutations over many generations. One proposed driver of this rapid transcriptional adaptation is alterations in the 3D organization and dynamics of chromatin - the complex that packages and regulates accessibility to the genome inside the nucleus. Chromatin, a dynamic assembly of DNA and associated proteins, behaves as a complex heteropolymer with intricate physical interactions within the nuclear environment. Therefore, beyond the direct influence of epigenetic modifiers on chromatin architecture, factors such as chromatin self-interactions and interactions with nuclear components, including ions, can profoundly impact gene accessibility and transcriptional activity. Adopting a polymer physics perspective facilitates a comprehensive understanding of how chromatin structure and its interactions dictate functional outcomes, such as transcriptional activity and cellular phenotype. Specific chromatin conformations may promote high transcriptional plasticity and activation of pro-survival pathways in response to cytotoxic stress, while other structures restrict this adaptive response resulting in cell death. However, the quantitative rules linking observable multi-scale chromatin structural changes to large-scale transcriptional reprogramming and phenotypic survival decisions remain poorly understood.This dissertation explores the fundamental role of chromatin architecture in dictating transcriptional adaptation to chemotherapy and chemoresistance in cancer. The central hypothesis is that preexisting chromatin conformations permissive to plasticity predispose cells to surviving treatment by enabling rapid transcriptional reprogramming, while restrictive chromatin structures increase cell death by limiting this adaptive response. An integrated experimental and computational approach is employed, including live-cell imaging to map 3D chromatin organization, polymer physics modeling to predict transcriptional plasticity, multi-omics molecular profiling, and pharmacological modulation of chromatin states. Chapter 1 firstly elucidates fundamental aspects of chromatin structure. Developments advanced imaging and quantification techniques to study chromatin architecture with minimal perturbation are described in Chapter 2. Subsequently, in Chapter 3, a computational model is proposed to delineate the mechanistic link between chromatin structure and phenotype, particularly cellular fate decisions driven by transcriptional programs. Furthermore, employing an ovarian cancer model in Chapter 4, this research demonstrates the potential of modulating chromatin organization to constrain phenotypic heterogeneity within cancer stem cell populations, thereby inhibiting the formation of new spheroids and potentially attenuating tumor progression. Chapter 5 concludes with a summary of the work completed in the dissertation and the potential future directions of this project.The findings elucidate key structural determinants of chromatin plasticity across multiple cancer types and their impact on cell survival during cytotoxic stress. Novel chromatin dynamics signatures are identified that predict treatment outcome and chemoresistance. Targeting these chromatin conformations with epigenetic drugs is demonstrated as a strategy to restrict non-genetic adaptation and resensitize resistant cells to therapy. Collectively, this work uncovers fundamental biological principles governing the epigenetic regulation of transcriptional plasticity and adaptation in cancer. These insights have significant implications for developing new therapeutic approaches to overcome treatment resistance by modulating chromatin structure and dynamics.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0163.
■650 4▼aBiomedical engineering.
■650 4▼aBiophysics.
■650 4▼aCellular biology.
■650 4▼aMedical imaging.
■650 4▼aGenetics.
■653 ▼aCancer cells
■653 ▼aChemotherapy
■653 ▼aChromatin
■653 ▼aPlasticity
■653 ▼aTreatment resistance
■690 ▼a0541
■690 ▼a0786
■690 ▼a0379
■690 ▼a0574
■690 ▼a0369
■71020▼aNorthwestern University▼bBiomedical Engineering.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-06B.
■790 ▼a0163
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17164245▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.