자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0017161967

International Standard Book Number  

9798383212509

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

620

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Albattal, Abdullah.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : University of California, San Diego., 2024

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024

Physical Description  

198 p.

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-01, Section: B.

General Note  

Advisor: Nguyen, Truong Q.;An, Cheolhong.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2024.

Summary, Etc.  

요약Object detection, localization, and segmentation in medical images are essential in several medical procedures. Identifying abnormalities and anatomical structures of interest within these images remains challenging due to the variability in patient anatomy, imaging conditions, and the inherent complexities of biological structures. To address these challenges, we propose a set of frameworks for real-time object detection and tracking in ultrasound scans and two frameworks for liver lesion detection and segmentation in single and multi-phase computed tomography (CT) scans. The first framework for ultrasound object detection and tracking uses a segmentation model weakly trained on bounding box labels as the backbone architecture. The framework outperformed state-of-the-art object detection models in detecting the Vagus nerve within scans of the neck. To improve the detection and localization accuracy of the backbone network, we propose a multi-path decoder UNet. Its detection performance is on par with, or slightly better than, the more computationally expensive UNet++, which has 20% more parameters and requires twice the inference time. For liver lesion segmentation and detection in multi-phase CT scans, we propose an approach to first align the liver using liver segmentation masks followed by deformable registration with the VoxelMorph model. We also propose a learning-free framework to estimate and correct abnormal deformations in deformable image registration models. The first framework for liver lesion segmentation is a multi-stage framework designed to incorporate models trained on each of the phases individually in addition to the model trained on all the phases together. The framework uses a segmentation refinement and correction model that combines these models' predictions with the CT image to improve the overall lesion segmentation. The framework improves the subject-wise segmentation performance by 1.6% while reducing performance variability across subjects by 8% and the instances of segmentation failure by 50%. In the second framework, we propose a liver lesion mask selection algorithm that compares the separation of intensity features between the lesion and surrounding tissue from multi-specialized model predictions and selects the mask that maximizes this separation. The selection approach improves the detection rates for small lesions by 15.5% and by 4.3% for lesions overall.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Engineering.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Biomedical engineering.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Bioinformatics.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Medical imaging.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Electrical engineering.

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Medical procedures

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Liver lesion detection

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Computed tomography

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

CT scans

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Backbone architecture

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

University of California, San Diego Electrical and Computer Engineering

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-01B.

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:657329