자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0017164388

International Standard Book Number  

9798384043423

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

616

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Nguyen, Quynh.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : University of Michigan., 2024

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024

Physical Description  

145 p.

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.

General Note  

Advisor: Lee, Taraz.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.

Summary, Etc.  

요약Successful performance of a motor skill involves more than just executing the necessary movements. Equally important to motor performance are preparatory processes such as goal and action selection, as well as motivational factors such as the prospect of a reward - all of which are mediated at least partially by cognitive control and its associated brain circuits. As these processes become streamlined and consolidated with practice, the extent to which cognitive control remains integral to skilled motor performance is unclear. The current dissertation aims to systematically elucidate the role of cognitive control in motor skills, both at the behavioral and the neural level, as a function of expertise and reward. Most dominant motor theories posit that explicit knowledge and attention are essential at the early stages of a motor skill. Once the skill has been well-learned, explicitly attending to one's movements can often impair performance. In Chapter 2, we examined how this behavioral impairment could be affected by enhancing cognitive control processes through increased motivation with reward. We found that, rather than globally affecting motor vigor or task engagement, reward significantly modulated the disruptive effect of cognitive control on expert typing skill. The result suggests the potential for cognitive control to positively contribute to expert motor performance by mediating the enhancement effect of reward. In Chapter 3, we sought more direct evidence for the long-term involvement of cognitive control in skilled motor performance. This was done by transiently inhibiting one of the major neural substrates of cognitive control, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). For comparison, we separately targeted the primary motor cortex (M1), which assumes a more persistent role over the course of motor learning. We found that disruption of M1 and DLPFC degraded performance regardless of skill level. However, DLPFC disruption degraded novice performance more than expert performance, and M1 disruption degraded expert performance more than novice performance. These findings are consistent with the idea that motor control necessitates different neural circuits depending on the level of skill. Cognitive control is also known to influence motor performance indirectly, by mediating motivational effects. However, research on the neural correlates of this reward-action link has often overlooked brain regions associated with cognitive control functions. Part of the challenge lies with the high inter-individual variability of these executive regions, particularly those in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). The last chapter tested the possibility that PFC encodes the reward-action link in an individually specific manner. Using an advanced multivariate-pattern similarity analysis (RSA) technique, we found that the anterior PFC encoded individual-specific aspects of motivated motor performance, above and beyond the population-general effects of motor sequence and of reward. Taken together, these findings solidify the importance of cognitive control and its neural substrates in modulating motor skills under a variety of conditions. Not only is cognitive control indispensable at the early stages of motor expertise, it continues to regulate the execution of well-learned motor skills. Despite the diminishing causal importance of DLPFC, one of the brain regions responsible for cognitive control, over the course of motor training, it remains necessary for the execution of visuospatial movements. In addition to direct modulatory effects, cognitive control also influences motor expertise by mediating reward-modulated motor enhancement. Brain regions responsible for cognitive control also contribute to motor expertise by encoding reward-motor interactions in an individually specific manner.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Neurosciences.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Behavioral psychology.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Cognitive psychology.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Medical imaging.

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Cognitive control

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Motor skill

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Rewards

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Magnetic resonance imaging

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Multivariate pattern

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

University of Michigan Psychology

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03B.

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:657236