자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0017164412

International Standard Book Number  

9798346376316

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

621

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Siefering, Bryan J.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : The Pennsylvania State University., 2024

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024

Physical Description  

193 p.

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: B.

General Note  

Advisor: Fronk, Brian M.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2024.

Summary, Etc.  

요약Particle based energy storage technologies show promise to link the temporal mismatch between energy demand and energy availability in renewable resources such as solar thermal. The objective of this thesis is determining the feasibility of recovering energy from dilute streams of particles that store sensible and chemical energy, referred to as thermochemical energy storage (TCES). TCES materials such as non-stoichiometric perovskite oxides can be used for multi-day energy storage needs because of their increased energy storage density and duration compared to inert systems that do not utilize chemical energy storage. The TCES materials are charged and discharged in a two-step cyclic process. During periods of high renewable energy availability, particles are heated, reduced and stored in a high energy density state. During discharging, the particles are re-oxidized and the chemical and sensible energy of the particles is recovered and transferred into a working fluid to drive a heat engine such as a recompression supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) Brayton cycle. The device that performs this task is referred to as an Energy Recovery Reactor (ERR), and the development of this component based on theoretical and physical considerations is the specific focus of this thesis. Within the ERR, reduced TCES particles re-oxidize in a counterflow air stream at temperatures 900°C and near atmospheric pressure, using the O2 in the air as a reactant. Reduced order numerical models developed in this study analyze the heat transfer and re-oxidation performance of the particle stream based on moving equilibrium reaction conditions at varying temperatures and partial pressures of O2. Within the model, a particle numbering up approach is used to evaluate the individual heat transfer of a single particle with its surrounding using well established heat transfer correlations. Within the ERR, the particles flow in a dilute flow regime where the solid volume fraction is ~1%, enabling high view factors and effective particle-to-heat exchanger wall radiation.From these models, two prototype ERR devices were designed, fabricated, and tested at various conditions with inert and reactive particles and pressurized air and sCO2 as the working fluids. The tradeoff between the heat transfer performance and the hydrodynamics of a dilute flow particle stream with counterflow air must be balanced which leads to a design with surface area enhancements. The first prototype, a shell and tube design described in Phase 1 of this work, was tested using ¬pressurized air as the heat transfer fluid and inert particles but did not effectively transfer heat from the particle domain into the working fluid due to a thermal bottleneck caused by high thermal resistances in the heat exchanger core containing the working fluid. A second prototype, with a counterflow tube-in-tube design increased the heat transfer effectiveness from the dilute particle flow to the working fluid through by 272% by balancing the thermal resistance between the particles and the working fluid in the design of the heat exchanger.Experimental results are compared with the reduced order model and show predictive capabilities with MAPE of under 20%. The model also predicts the behavior of the ERR prototypes when tested with reactive particles at design conditions, showing that for equal heat duties, reactive particles streams require flow rates 35.8% less than inert particle streams, highlighting the increased energy storage density of reactive particle media used in TCES system compared to inert particle media used in more conventional TES systems. The tools and methods described in this thesis can be used to guide the design of future dilute particle-to-sCO2 heat exchangers to increase the technology readiness level of particle based thermochemical energy storage.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Heat transfer.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Nitrates.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Air flow.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Solar energy.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Thermal energy.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Oxidation.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Heat exchangers.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Electricity generation.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Carbon dioxide.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Electric rates.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Cold storage.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Metal oxides.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Energy storage.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Alternative energy sources.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Heat conductivity.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Boundary conditions.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Industrial plant emissions.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Technology.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Sun.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Engineers.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Alternative energy.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Atmospheric sciences.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Industrial engineering.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Mathematics.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Thermodynamics.

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

The Pennsylvania State University.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-05B.

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:657232