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Visual Representation in Attention and Working Memory.
Visual Representation in Attention and Working Memory.

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자료유형  
 학위논문
Control Number  
0017163310
International Standard Book Number  
9798342710916
Dewey Decimal Classification Number  
150
Main Entry-Personal Name  
Kwak, Yuna.
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
[S.l.] : New York University., 2024
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
Physical Description  
220 p.
General Note  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
General Note  
Advisor: Carrasco, Marisa.
Dissertation Note  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2024.
Summary, Etc.  
요약Our daily visual perception and behavior are constrained by various factors. Most of the times, this goes unnoticed thanks to visual mechanisms that help overcome constraints imposed on our visual system. In this dissertation, I focus on two mechanisms critical for our visual behavior -attention and working memory- and how they modulate visual representations.Part 1: Vision is limited by internal factors: There are less resources devoted to processing visual information at certain locations, resulting in poor visual sensitivity at these locations. To overcome this, we select relevant information by making saccadic eye movements to place objects of interest at the fovea where perception is most sensitive. Interestingly, even before saccade onset, presaccadic attention automatically shifts to the saccade target and enhances perception. In Part 1, I use psychophysical methods to investigate how visual representations are spatially non-uniform around the visual field -more specifically around polar angle- and how presaccadic attention influences these representations. Chapters 2 and 3 build upon findings showing that sensitivity differs with polar angle in many visual dimensions (e.g., acuity and contrast sensitivity), referred to as polar angle asymmetries. Importantly, presaccadic attention enhances perception at all polar angle locations, rendering the current peripheral representation more fovea-like in anticipation of a saccade. However, the strong benefit of presaccadic attention does not eliminate the polar angle asymmetries: Rather, presaccadic attention preserves or intensifies the asymmetries depending on the visual dimension it is operating on. In Chapter 4, I further investigate these robust asymmetries jointly in multiple visual dimensions, by characterizing the function depicting our entire window of visibility, both at a group and at an individual level. We found that at the horizontal meridian, compared to the vertical meridian, group sensitivity is higher, consistent with previous chapters, and that sensitivity across individuals vary in a more consistent manner. Taken together, the studies in Part 1 indicate that presaccadic attention enhances perceptual representations and helps bridge the gap between pre-saccadic and post-saccadic input, at all locations around the visual field. However, the difference in representations around polar angle is not eliminated. These results highlight the importance of investigating visual representations and attentional modulations around polar angle, as measurements are not generalized across these locations.Part 2: In addition to internal factors such as the drop in sensitivity at certain locations, there are also external factors limiting vision. For example, an object may no longer be available as saccade targets or for attentional processing, due to occlusion or movement. Thus, the brain requires a mechanism to hold information internally across this perceptual discontinuity, referred to as working memory. In Chapter 5, I use fMRI to investigate the format in which working memory represents visual information. The results revealed that working memory compresses perceptual information (i.e., dot motion) into an abstract spatial representation (i.e., spatial line pointing in the same direction). This finding reveals the format of representations in working memory, and suggests that working memory flexibly re-codes visual information into a simpler format, more efficient for storage and future behavior.Taken together, the current dissertation advances our understanding of how attention and working memory modulate visual representations, facilitating seemless perception and goal-directed behavior that relies on processing visual information.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Psychology.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Neurosciences.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Cognitive psychology.
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Visual representations
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Presaccadic attention
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Working memory
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Visual mechanisms
Added Entry-Corporate Name  
New York University Psychology
Host Item Entry  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-04B.
Electronic Location and Access  
로그인을 한후 보실 수 있는 자료입니다.
Control Number  
joongbu:656225

MARC

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■1001  ▼aKwak,  Yuna.
■24510▼aVisual  Representation  in  Attention  and  Working  Memory.
■260    ▼a[S.l.]▼bNew  York  University.  ▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a220  p.
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Carrasco,  Marisa.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--New  York  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aOur  daily  visual  perception  and  behavior  are  constrained  by  various  factors.  Most  of  the  times,  this  goes  unnoticed  thanks  to  visual  mechanisms  that  help  overcome  constraints  imposed  on  our  visual  system.  In  this  dissertation,  I  focus  on  two  mechanisms  critical  for  our  visual  behavior  -attention  and  working  memory-  and  how  they  modulate  visual  representations.Part  1:  Vision  is  limited  by  internal  factors:  There  are  less  resources  devoted  to  processing  visual  information  at  certain  locations,  resulting  in  poor  visual  sensitivity  at  these  locations.  To  overcome  this,  we  select  relevant  information  by  making  saccadic  eye  movements  to  place  objects  of  interest  at  the  fovea  where  perception  is  most  sensitive.  Interestingly,  even  before  saccade  onset,  presaccadic  attention  automatically  shifts  to  the  saccade  target  and  enhances  perception.  In  Part  1,  I  use  psychophysical  methods  to  investigate  how  visual  representations  are  spatially  non-uniform  around  the  visual  field  -more  specifically  around  polar  angle-  and  how  presaccadic  attention  influences  these  representations.  Chapters  2  and  3  build  upon  findings  showing  that  sensitivity  differs  with  polar  angle  in  many  visual  dimensions  (e.g.,  acuity  and  contrast  sensitivity),  referred  to  as  polar  angle  asymmetries.  Importantly,  presaccadic  attention  enhances  perception  at  all  polar  angle  locations,  rendering  the  current  peripheral  representation  more  fovea-like  in  anticipation  of  a  saccade.  However,  the  strong  benefit  of  presaccadic  attention  does  not  eliminate  the  polar  angle  asymmetries:  Rather,  presaccadic  attention  preserves  or  intensifies  the  asymmetries  depending  on  the  visual  dimension  it  is operating  on.  In  Chapter  4,  I  further  investigate  these  robust  asymmetries  jointly  in  multiple  visual  dimensions,  by  characterizing  the  function  depicting  our  entire  window  of  visibility,  both  at  a  group  and  at  an  individual  level.  We  found  that  at  the  horizontal  meridian,  compared  to  the  vertical  meridian,  group  sensitivity  is  higher,  consistent  with  previous  chapters,  and  that  sensitivity  across  individuals  vary  in  a  more  consistent  manner.  Taken  together,  the  studies  in  Part  1  indicate  that  presaccadic  attention  enhances  perceptual  representations  and  helps  bridge  the  gap  between  pre-saccadic  and  post-saccadic  input,  at  all  locations  around  the  visual  field.  However,  the  difference  in  representations  around  polar  angle  is  not  eliminated.  These  results  highlight  the  importance  of  investigating  visual  representations  and  attentional  modulations  around  polar  angle,  as  measurements  are  not  generalized  across  these  locations.Part  2:  In  addition  to  internal  factors  such  as  the  drop  in  sensitivity  at  certain  locations,  there  are  also  external  factors  limiting  vision.  For  example,  an  object  may  no  longer  be  available  as  saccade  targets  or  for  attentional  processing,  due  to  occlusion  or  movement.  Thus,  the  brain  requires  a  mechanism  to  hold  information  internally  across  this  perceptual  discontinuity,  referred  to  as  working  memory.  In  Chapter  5,  I  use  fMRI  to  investigate  the  format  in  which  working  memory  represents  visual  information.  The  results  revealed  that  working  memory  compresses  perceptual  information  (i.e.,  dot  motion)  into  an  abstract  spatial  representation  (i.e.,  spatial  line  pointing  in  the  same  direction).  This  finding  reveals  the  format  of  representations  in  working  memory,  and  suggests  that  working  memory  flexibly  re-codes  visual  information  into  a  simpler  format,  more  efficient  for  storage  and  future  behavior.Taken  together,  the  current  dissertation  advances  our  understanding  of  how  attention  and  working  memory  modulate  visual  representations,  facilitating  seemless  perception  and  goal-directed  behavior  that  relies  on  processing  visual  information.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0146.
■650  4▼aPsychology.
■650  4▼aNeurosciences.
■650  4▼aCognitive  psychology.
■653    ▼aVisual  representations
■653    ▼aPresaccadic  attention
■653    ▼aWorking  memory
■653    ▼aVisual  mechanisms
■690    ▼a0621
■690    ▼a0317
■690    ▼a0633
■71020▼aNew  York  University▼bPsychology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-04B.
■790    ▼a0146
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163310▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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