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Visual Representation in Attention and Working Memory.
Visual Representation in Attention and Working Memory.
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문
- Control Number
- 0017163310
- International Standard Book Number
- 9798342710916
- Dewey Decimal Classification Number
- 150
- Main Entry-Personal Name
- Kwak, Yuna.
- Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint
- [S.l.] : New York University., 2024
- Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- Physical Description
- 220 p.
- General Note
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
- General Note
- Advisor: Carrasco, Marisa.
- Dissertation Note
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2024.
- Summary, Etc.
- 요약Our daily visual perception and behavior are constrained by various factors. Most of the times, this goes unnoticed thanks to visual mechanisms that help overcome constraints imposed on our visual system. In this dissertation, I focus on two mechanisms critical for our visual behavior -attention and working memory- and how they modulate visual representations.Part 1: Vision is limited by internal factors: There are less resources devoted to processing visual information at certain locations, resulting in poor visual sensitivity at these locations. To overcome this, we select relevant information by making saccadic eye movements to place objects of interest at the fovea where perception is most sensitive. Interestingly, even before saccade onset, presaccadic attention automatically shifts to the saccade target and enhances perception. In Part 1, I use psychophysical methods to investigate how visual representations are spatially non-uniform around the visual field -more specifically around polar angle- and how presaccadic attention influences these representations. Chapters 2 and 3 build upon findings showing that sensitivity differs with polar angle in many visual dimensions (e.g., acuity and contrast sensitivity), referred to as polar angle asymmetries. Importantly, presaccadic attention enhances perception at all polar angle locations, rendering the current peripheral representation more fovea-like in anticipation of a saccade. However, the strong benefit of presaccadic attention does not eliminate the polar angle asymmetries: Rather, presaccadic attention preserves or intensifies the asymmetries depending on the visual dimension it is operating on. In Chapter 4, I further investigate these robust asymmetries jointly in multiple visual dimensions, by characterizing the function depicting our entire window of visibility, both at a group and at an individual level. We found that at the horizontal meridian, compared to the vertical meridian, group sensitivity is higher, consistent with previous chapters, and that sensitivity across individuals vary in a more consistent manner. Taken together, the studies in Part 1 indicate that presaccadic attention enhances perceptual representations and helps bridge the gap between pre-saccadic and post-saccadic input, at all locations around the visual field. However, the difference in representations around polar angle is not eliminated. These results highlight the importance of investigating visual representations and attentional modulations around polar angle, as measurements are not generalized across these locations.Part 2: In addition to internal factors such as the drop in sensitivity at certain locations, there are also external factors limiting vision. For example, an object may no longer be available as saccade targets or for attentional processing, due to occlusion or movement. Thus, the brain requires a mechanism to hold information internally across this perceptual discontinuity, referred to as working memory. In Chapter 5, I use fMRI to investigate the format in which working memory represents visual information. The results revealed that working memory compresses perceptual information (i.e., dot motion) into an abstract spatial representation (i.e., spatial line pointing in the same direction). This finding reveals the format of representations in working memory, and suggests that working memory flexibly re-codes visual information into a simpler format, more efficient for storage and future behavior.Taken together, the current dissertation advances our understanding of how attention and working memory modulate visual representations, facilitating seemless perception and goal-directed behavior that relies on processing visual information.
- Subject Added Entry-Topical Term
- Psychology.
- Subject Added Entry-Topical Term
- Neurosciences.
- Subject Added Entry-Topical Term
- Cognitive psychology.
- Index Term-Uncontrolled
- Visual representations
- Index Term-Uncontrolled
- Presaccadic attention
- Index Term-Uncontrolled
- Working memory
- Index Term-Uncontrolled
- Visual mechanisms
- Added Entry-Corporate Name
- New York University Psychology
- Host Item Entry
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-04B.
- Electronic Location and Access
- 로그인을 한후 보실 수 있는 자료입니다.
- Control Number
- joongbu:656225
MARC
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■1001 ▼aKwak, Yuna.
■24510▼aVisual Representation in Attention and Working Memory.
■260 ▼a[S.l.]▼bNew York University. ▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a220 p.
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Carrasco, Marisa.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2024.
■520 ▼aOur daily visual perception and behavior are constrained by various factors. Most of the times, this goes unnoticed thanks to visual mechanisms that help overcome constraints imposed on our visual system. In this dissertation, I focus on two mechanisms critical for our visual behavior -attention and working memory- and how they modulate visual representations.Part 1: Vision is limited by internal factors: There are less resources devoted to processing visual information at certain locations, resulting in poor visual sensitivity at these locations. To overcome this, we select relevant information by making saccadic eye movements to place objects of interest at the fovea where perception is most sensitive. Interestingly, even before saccade onset, presaccadic attention automatically shifts to the saccade target and enhances perception. In Part 1, I use psychophysical methods to investigate how visual representations are spatially non-uniform around the visual field -more specifically around polar angle- and how presaccadic attention influences these representations. Chapters 2 and 3 build upon findings showing that sensitivity differs with polar angle in many visual dimensions (e.g., acuity and contrast sensitivity), referred to as polar angle asymmetries. Importantly, presaccadic attention enhances perception at all polar angle locations, rendering the current peripheral representation more fovea-like in anticipation of a saccade. However, the strong benefit of presaccadic attention does not eliminate the polar angle asymmetries: Rather, presaccadic attention preserves or intensifies the asymmetries depending on the visual dimension it is operating on. In Chapter 4, I further investigate these robust asymmetries jointly in multiple visual dimensions, by characterizing the function depicting our entire window of visibility, both at a group and at an individual level. We found that at the horizontal meridian, compared to the vertical meridian, group sensitivity is higher, consistent with previous chapters, and that sensitivity across individuals vary in a more consistent manner. Taken together, the studies in Part 1 indicate that presaccadic attention enhances perceptual representations and helps bridge the gap between pre-saccadic and post-saccadic input, at all locations around the visual field. However, the difference in representations around polar angle is not eliminated. These results highlight the importance of investigating visual representations and attentional modulations around polar angle, as measurements are not generalized across these locations.Part 2: In addition to internal factors such as the drop in sensitivity at certain locations, there are also external factors limiting vision. For example, an object may no longer be available as saccade targets or for attentional processing, due to occlusion or movement. Thus, the brain requires a mechanism to hold information internally across this perceptual discontinuity, referred to as working memory. In Chapter 5, I use fMRI to investigate the format in which working memory represents visual information. The results revealed that working memory compresses perceptual information (i.e., dot motion) into an abstract spatial representation (i.e., spatial line pointing in the same direction). This finding reveals the format of representations in working memory, and suggests that working memory flexibly re-codes visual information into a simpler format, more efficient for storage and future behavior.Taken together, the current dissertation advances our understanding of how attention and working memory modulate visual representations, facilitating seemless perception and goal-directed behavior that relies on processing visual information.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0146.
■650 4▼aPsychology.
■650 4▼aNeurosciences.
■650 4▼aCognitive psychology.
■653 ▼aVisual representations
■653 ▼aPresaccadic attention
■653 ▼aWorking memory
■653 ▼aVisual mechanisms
■690 ▼a0621
■690 ▼a0317
■690 ▼a0633
■71020▼aNew York University▼bPsychology.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-04B.
■790 ▼a0146
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163310▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.