자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0017160997

International Standard Book Number  

9798382629186

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

153

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Morgan, Hannah Lori.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill., 2024

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024

Physical Description  

145 p.

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: B.

General Note  

Advisor: Hopfinger, Joseph B.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2024.

Summary, Etc.  

요약Attention can be directed to certain aspects of our environment through the enhancement of certain features such as size, shape, and color. This enhancement of attention allows us to concentrate on relevant specific stimuli in our visual world. However, it is insufficient to have an attention mechanism that only enhances features; this would imply that one would be constantly captured by every relevant feature in our visual world. Therefore, recent theories suggest that there is an attentional mechanism that suppresses the capture of task-irrelevant but highly salient stimuli in a scene. While attentional capture has been highly studied, the mechanisms of attentional suppression are less clear. Recently, research suggests that people can suppress stimuli that might otherwise capture attention. Behavioral studies have used a capture-probe paradigm and found that when a distractor is present in a display, there are quicker and more accurate reaction times to a target. Additionally, during successful suppression, the PD ERP component (a marker of suppression) is elicited. Finally, research has also found that suppression of a distractor can be learned over multiple blocks. These results have led to a recent theory suggesting that there are three possible mechanisms of suppression, which include first, second, and global-level suppression (Gaspelin & Luck, 2018). However, previous evidence suggests that only first-level suppression is a plausible mechanism of suppression. Only recently has evidence directly suggested that higher levels of suppression, second and global-order, can occur (Ma & Abrams, 2023b). While, overall, previous research has shown that people can suppress stimuli that would otherwise capture visual attention, it is still not clear how the visual system determines which items are to be suppressed. Therefore, this project aimed to explore suppression mechanisms and how they contribute to successful attentional processing. The following series of experiments explored the differences in the suppression levels of distractors, the time course and mechanisms involved in second-level suppression, and if and how distractor suppression is learned. For the first time, these experiments show through both behavioral and neural data that second-level suppression is a potential mechanism for ignoring salient but irrelevant items in the visual world. First, this experiment supports that during second-order suppression, typical behavioral indices of successful suppression are present in both search and probe trials. This study also found that higher levels of suppression are substantially different from one another, with second and global-order suppression effects differing. Global order suppression showed indicators of attentional capture, which contradicts global salience suppression models. This distinction between higher levels of suppression has not yet been seen in the literature. This study also paired the second-order suppression task with EEG for the first time and found a PD component during the color singleton present trials, providing novel evidence that supports second-order suppression models. Finally, this study found that the ability to suppress second-level features is immediate and remains when rejecting novel distractors. This suggests that second-level shows significant suppression benefit effects immediately and throughout the blocks, whereas first-level suppression does not. Overall, these three experiments provide novel support for the second-order salience suppression model and are a first step to resolving debates surrounding the three models of attentional suppression.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Cognitive psychology.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Neurosciences.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Clinical psychology.

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Attention

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Event-related potential

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Distractor positivity

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Suppression

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Electroencephalography

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Psychology

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-11B.

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:656160