자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0017161474

International Standard Book Number  

9798382806709

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

574.191

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Black, Matthew Edward.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : Princeton University., 2024

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024

Physical Description  

212 p.

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.

General Note  

Advisor: Shaevitz, Joshua W.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Princeton University, 2024.

Summary, Etc.  

요약Emergent phenomena pervade the biological world. These phenomena come about due to interactions between the constituent units of a larger whole in contexts ranging from cells within a developing embryo or tissue, to groups of social organisms living together. In this thesis, we use the model bacteria Myxococcus xanthus (M. xanthus) to investigate two varieties of such phenomena. Unlike most bacteria, the life cycle of M. xanthus is predicated upon the population being maintained in a swarm-like state of high cell density. To ensure that such a state is maintained, populations of M. xanthus employ a variety of collective behaviors both vegetatively, where they leverage their swarming state to more efficiently predate other microorganisms, and under starvation whereupon the population undergoes a primitive developmental process and self-assembles into a macroscopic, spore-filled fruiting body.First, we use atomic force microscopy to probe the rheological properties of these fruiting bodies. By doing so throughout the developmental process, we map out how the mechanical properties of these structures evolve as they grow. Altogether, these results suggest that the continuum, many-bacteria scale mechanics of fruiting bodies evolve over the course of development towards the fulfillment of the fruiting bodies ultimate purpose in preserving the population as a coherent whole against prolonged environmental stress.Next, we investigate the effect of fluid wetting on the dynamics of terrestrial bacteria. Such wetting occurs when solid objects are placed on top of a (semi-)hydrated surface and thus is likely ubiquitous in the soil where M. xanthus lives. We show that the interaction of wetting menisci of adjacent cells creates an attractive capillary force between cells. We present evidence that these forces can explain the dynamics of motile cells wherein different emergent patterns can form based solely on the interaction of capillary forces with the frequency with which such cells reverse their direction of motion. Comparison with the solitary gliding bacteria Flavobacteria johnsoniae suggest that the emergent behaviors demonstrated by our model are general to all gliding bacteria and may be used as a minimal framework for reasoning about such populations.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Biophysics.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Microbiology.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Cellular biology.

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Myxococcus xanthus

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Microorganisms

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Flavobacteria johnsoniae

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Developmental process

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

Princeton University Quantitative Computational Biology

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:655466