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Essays in Labor Economics.
Essays in Labor Economics.
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문
- Control Number
- 0017162951
- International Standard Book Number
- 9798384344773
- Dewey Decimal Classification Number
- 378.12
- Main Entry-Personal Name
- Qiu, Xinyao.
- Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint
- [S.l.] : Stanford University., 2024
- Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- Physical Description
- 173 p.
- General Note
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: A.
- General Note
- Advisor: Pistaferri, Luigi.
- Dissertation Note
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
- Summary, Etc.
- 요약This dissertation consists of three essays in labor economics. All three chapters focus on documenting frictions in educational settings and discuss their implications for long-term educational and labor market outcomes. The first two chapters explore how students' college application decisions are impacted by frictions, including information frictions (Chapter 1) and behavioral frictions (Chapter 2, co-authored with Hongbin Li), using administrative data from the centralized college application and admission system in China. The third chapter (co-authored with Petra Persson and Maya Rossin-Slater) studies marginal diagnoses of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder resulting from school entry cutoffs.The first chapter studies disparities in college major choices across students from different socioeconomic backgrounds and analyzes their implications for intergenerational income mobility. One potential explanation for these disparities is differential access to information about majors' academic content and personal fit. To explore the impact of information frictions on major choices, I use administrative data from the centralized college application system in China. Consistent with the information inequality hypothesis, I document that students of low socioeconomic status (SES) are 21.6% (3.16 percentage points) more likely than their high-SES peers to choose majors that are familiar to them from their high school curricula. Further support for the information inequality hypothesis comes from a survey experiment in which high school students report their expectations about college majors and from information spillovers among high school classmates. To discuss the economic consequences, I calibrate a model of major choice and find that, because of information inequality, low-SES students face higher mismatch rates and lower future incomes than their high-SES peers. Counterfactual analyses indicate that information interventions and affirmative action policies can effectively narrow the income gap across socioeconomic backgrounds.The second chapter demonstrates that students' college application decisions are impacted by left-digit bias, which is a simplifying heuristic that makes individuals' perceptions disproportionately influenced by the leftmost digits of a number. We find strong discontinuities in college application decisions between students with similar college entrance exam scores who fall on opposite sides of multiples of 10 (e.g., students who score 519 versus 521). Students with scores just below multiples of 10 make more conservative college application choices that place them into less selective colleges and majors. In contrast, students who score at or just above multiples of 10 aim and achieve higher but are at greater risk of overshooting. The results highlight the role of behavioral frictions in students' application decisions, despite the significant educational and labor market consequences associated with them.The third chapter explores frictions in educational settings beyond college application decisions. We focus on the marginal diagnoses of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) that result from school entry cutoffs. Specifically, we exploit a well-documented fact: Children who are younger for their grade level are more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD compared to their older classmates. This diagnosis gap is often attributed to maturity differences that are mistakenly perceived as differences in ADHD prevalence. Using population-level Swedish administrative data, we show how these marginal diagnoses spill over through the family tree. Younger family members of children born just before the school entry cutoff are more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD, yet without any clear long-term human capital gains. Our results underscore that a single marginal diagnosis can trigger additional diagnoses among other family members, thereby amplifying frictions and misallocation in healthcare.
- Subject Added Entry-Topical Term
- Marital status.
- Subject Added Entry-Topical Term
- Socioeconomic factors.
- Subject Added Entry-Topical Term
- Secondary schools.
- Subject Added Entry-Topical Term
- Socioeconomic status.
- Subject Added Entry-Topical Term
- Higher education.
- Subject Added Entry-Topical Term
- Secondary education.
- Subject Added Entry-Topical Term
- Sociology.
- Added Entry-Corporate Name
- Stanford University.
- Host Item Entry
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03A.
- Electronic Location and Access
- 로그인을 한후 보실 수 있는 자료입니다.
- Control Number
- joongbu:655437
MARC
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■1001 ▼aQiu, Xinyao.
■24510▼aEssays in Labor Economics.
■260 ▼a[S.l.]▼bStanford University. ▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a173 p.
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: A.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Pistaferri, Luigi.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
■520 ▼aThis dissertation consists of three essays in labor economics. All three chapters focus on documenting frictions in educational settings and discuss their implications for long-term educational and labor market outcomes. The first two chapters explore how students' college application decisions are impacted by frictions, including information frictions (Chapter 1) and behavioral frictions (Chapter 2, co-authored with Hongbin Li), using administrative data from the centralized college application and admission system in China. The third chapter (co-authored with Petra Persson and Maya Rossin-Slater) studies marginal diagnoses of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder resulting from school entry cutoffs.The first chapter studies disparities in college major choices across students from different socioeconomic backgrounds and analyzes their implications for intergenerational income mobility. One potential explanation for these disparities is differential access to information about majors' academic content and personal fit. To explore the impact of information frictions on major choices, I use administrative data from the centralized college application system in China. Consistent with the information inequality hypothesis, I document that students of low socioeconomic status (SES) are 21.6% (3.16 percentage points) more likely than their high-SES peers to choose majors that are familiar to them from their high school curricula. Further support for the information inequality hypothesis comes from a survey experiment in which high school students report their expectations about college majors and from information spillovers among high school classmates. To discuss the economic consequences, I calibrate a model of major choice and find that, because of information inequality, low-SES students face higher mismatch rates and lower future incomes than their high-SES peers. Counterfactual analyses indicate that information interventions and affirmative action policies can effectively narrow the income gap across socioeconomic backgrounds.The second chapter demonstrates that students' college application decisions are impacted by left-digit bias, which is a simplifying heuristic that makes individuals' perceptions disproportionately influenced by the leftmost digits of a number. We find strong discontinuities in college application decisions between students with similar college entrance exam scores who fall on opposite sides of multiples of 10 (e.g., students who score 519 versus 521). Students with scores just below multiples of 10 make more conservative college application choices that place them into less selective colleges and majors. In contrast, students who score at or just above multiples of 10 aim and achieve higher but are at greater risk of overshooting. The results highlight the role of behavioral frictions in students' application decisions, despite the significant educational and labor market consequences associated with them.The third chapter explores frictions in educational settings beyond college application decisions. We focus on the marginal diagnoses of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) that result from school entry cutoffs. Specifically, we exploit a well-documented fact: Children who are younger for their grade level are more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD compared to their older classmates. This diagnosis gap is often attributed to maturity differences that are mistakenly perceived as differences in ADHD prevalence. Using population-level Swedish administrative data, we show how these marginal diagnoses spill over through the family tree. Younger family members of children born just before the school entry cutoff are more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD, yet without any clear long-term human capital gains. Our results underscore that a single marginal diagnosis can trigger additional diagnoses among other family members, thereby amplifying frictions and misallocation in healthcare.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0212.
■650 4▼aMarital status.
■650 4▼aSocioeconomic factors.
■650 4▼aSecondary schools.
■650 4▼aSocioeconomic status.
■650 4▼aHigher education.
■650 4▼aSecondary education.
■650 4▼aSociology.
■690 ▼a0501
■690 ▼a0745
■690 ▼a0510
■690 ▼a0629
■690 ▼a0533
■690 ▼a0626
■71020▼aStanford University.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-03A.
■790 ▼a0212
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162951▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.