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Three Essays on Political Institutions and Accountability.
Three Essays on Political Institutions and Accountability.
Three Essays on Political Institutions and Accountability.

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Material Type  
 학위논문
 
0017160462
Date and Time of Latest Transaction  
20250211151024
ISBN  
9798383482803
DDC  
320
Author  
Schumock, Collin Thomas.
Title/Author  
Three Essays on Political Institutions and Accountability.
Publish Info  
[S.l.] : Yale University., 2024
Publish Info  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
Material Info  
233 p.
General Note  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-01, Section: A.
General Note  
Advisor: Huber, Gregory A.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Yale University, 2024.
Abstracts/Etc  
요약Institutions structure politics in important ways that can both help and hurt accountability. This dissertation is a collection of three self-contained essays that study issues of political institutions and accountability. Abstracts of the three essays are provided below.Legislative Term Limits and Variation in State Intergovernmental Transfers (Chapter 2): State transfers provide local governments with revenues that are consequential in both magnitude and impact. Similarly, these transfers are a significant expense for state governments. This state aid funds, among other things, education, public health, and welfare programs. Given the importance of these funds for local governments, it is important to understand how institutional choices may affect the distribution of state aid. I use data on state intergovernmental transfers to county areas from 1982--2012 to analyze the relationship between term limits and variation in transfers. Using a difference-in-differences style design, I show that both the adoption and implementation of legislative term limits are associated with greater within-state-year variation in transfers to county areas.Term Limits and Strategic Challenger Entry (Chapter 3): It is well understood that electoral institutions, and term limits in particular, affect electoral accountability. In this project, I explore an additional avenue through which term limits can impact accountability. I develop a political agency model with strategic challengers to examine the accountability effects of term limits in the presence of strategic challenger entry. Analysis of the game reveals that term limits may lead strong challengers to delay entering, preferring to run in an open-seat election over running against an incumbent. This behavior of the challenger leads high-type incumbents to exert less effort while in office under certain conditions. In addition to this accountability effect, the model predicts that term limits negatively affect selection. Term limits create conditions for low-type incumbents to be more willing to exert high effort, leading the voter to retain low types more frequently. This pattern is exacerbated by strategic entry. However, strong challengers' strategic delay behavior disappears when term limits are removed, improving accountability and selection. This project contributes to our understanding of how term limits interact with, and potentially interfere with, electoral accountability and selection when challengers make strategic entry decisions.The Weight of Precedent: Executive Norms (with Daniel A.N. Goldstein; Chapter 4): Political executives often adhere to informal traditions established by their predecessors. Without the backing of formal laws, elites have incentives to violate norms, particularly if doing so yields a political advantage. When do constraining executive norms carry weight and when do they falter? We examine an infinite horizon principal-agent model to analyze the maintenance of executive norms. We consider one version of the model which is played only between the executive and her party. The results following from this model demonstrate the importance of intra-party accountability in the maintenance of norms, as well as the role that differences in discounting can play---expectedly, short-sighted executives are more willing to violate norms than comparatively more patient parties. Then, we consider a second version of the model with two parties and two executives to show how expectations about out-party norm adherence can also play an important role in maintaining norms. In general, the study has implications for how informal institutions regulate executive behavior and for understanding the interplay between informal and formal institutions.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Political science.
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Accountability
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Electoral institutions
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Norms
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Political economy
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Political institutions
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Selection
Added Entry-Corporate Name  
Yale University Political Science
Host Item Entry  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-01A.
Electronic Location and Access  
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Control Number  
joongbu:655108

MARC

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■1001  ▼aSchumock,  Collin  Thomas.
■24510▼aThree  Essays  on  Political  Institutions  and  Accountability.
■260    ▼a[S.l.]▼bYale  University.  ▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a233  p.
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-01,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Huber,  Gregory  A.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Yale  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aInstitutions  structure  politics  in  important  ways  that  can  both  help  and  hurt  accountability.  This  dissertation  is  a  collection  of  three  self-contained  essays  that  study  issues  of  political  institutions  and  accountability.  Abstracts  of  the  three  essays  are  provided  below.Legislative  Term  Limits  and  Variation  in  State  Intergovernmental  Transfers  (Chapter  2):  State  transfers  provide  local  governments  with  revenues  that  are  consequential  in  both  magnitude  and  impact.  Similarly,  these  transfers  are  a  significant  expense  for  state  governments.  This  state  aid  funds,  among  other  things,  education,  public  health,  and  welfare  programs.  Given  the  importance  of  these  funds  for  local  governments,  it  is  important  to  understand  how  institutional  choices  may  affect  the  distribution  of  state  aid.  I  use  data  on  state  intergovernmental  transfers  to  county  areas  from  1982--2012  to  analyze  the  relationship  between  term  limits  and  variation  in  transfers.  Using  a  difference-in-differences  style  design,  I  show  that  both  the  adoption  and  implementation  of  legislative  term  limits  are  associated  with  greater  within-state-year  variation  in  transfers  to  county  areas.Term  Limits  and  Strategic  Challenger  Entry  (Chapter  3):  It  is  well  understood  that  electoral  institutions,  and  term  limits  in  particular,  affect  electoral  accountability.  In  this  project,  I  explore  an  additional  avenue  through  which  term  limits  can  impact  accountability.  I  develop  a  political  agency  model  with  strategic  challengers  to  examine  the  accountability  effects  of  term  limits  in  the  presence  of  strategic  challenger  entry.  Analysis  of  the  game  reveals  that  term  limits  may  lead  strong  challengers  to  delay  entering,  preferring  to  run  in  an  open-seat  election  over  running  against  an  incumbent.  This  behavior  of  the  challenger  leads  high-type  incumbents  to  exert  less  effort  while  in  office  under  certain  conditions.  In  addition  to  this  accountability  effect,  the  model  predicts  that  term  limits  negatively  affect  selection.  Term  limits  create  conditions  for  low-type  incumbents  to  be  more  willing  to  exert  high  effort,  leading  the  voter  to  retain  low  types  more  frequently.  This  pattern  is  exacerbated  by  strategic  entry.  However,  strong  challengers'  strategic  delay  behavior  disappears  when  term  limits  are  removed,  improving  accountability  and  selection.  This  project  contributes  to  our  understanding  of  how  term  limits  interact  with,  and  potentially  interfere  with,  electoral  accountability  and  selection  when  challengers  make  strategic  entry  decisions.The  Weight  of  Precedent:  Executive  Norms  (with  Daniel  A.N.  Goldstein;  Chapter  4):  Political  executives  often  adhere  to  informal  traditions  established  by  their  predecessors.  Without  the  backing  of  formal  laws,  elites  have  incentives  to  violate  norms,  particularly  if  doing  so  yields  a  political  advantage.  When  do  constraining  executive  norms  carry  weight  and  when  do  they  falter?  We  examine  an  infinite  horizon  principal-agent  model  to  analyze  the  maintenance  of  executive  norms.  We  consider  one  version  of  the  model  which  is  played  only  between  the  executive  and  her  party.  The  results  following  from  this  model  demonstrate  the  importance  of  intra-party  accountability  in  the  maintenance  of  norms,  as  well  as  the  role  that  differences  in  discounting  can  play---expectedly,  short-sighted  executives  are  more  willing  to  violate  norms  than  comparatively  more  patient  parties.  Then,  we  consider  a  second  version  of  the  model  with  two  parties  and  two  executives  to  show  how  expectations  about  out-party  norm  adherence  can  also  play  an  important  role  in  maintaining  norms.  In  general,  the  study  has  implications  for  how  informal  institutions  regulate  executive  behavior  and  for  understanding  the  interplay  between  informal  and  formal  institutions.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0265.
■650  4▼aPolitical  science.
■653    ▼aAccountability
■653    ▼aElectoral  institutions
■653    ▼aNorms
■653    ▼aPolitical  economy
■653    ▼aPolitical  institutions
■653    ▼aSelection
■690    ▼a0615
■71020▼aYale  University▼bPolitical  Science.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-01A.
■790    ▼a0265
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160462▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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