자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0017164183

International Standard Book Number  

9798384097167

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

320

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Wittstock, Nicolas.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : University of Washington., 2024

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024

Physical Description  

256 p.

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: A.

General Note  

Advisor: Menaldo, Victor.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2024.

Summary, Etc.  

요약Why have American inventors produced so much technological innovation in clean energy technology while American policymakers' record on climate policy has generally been considered underwhelming? Under what circumstances does the US federal government act to foster technological change and what form do such policies typically take? The central topic of this dissertation is American innovation policy, specifically in the context of clean energy technology. I investigate and theorize the circumstances under which federal institutions engage in innovation policy, provide a novel analysis of such policies in the context of clean energy technology, and investigate the political effects such policy has had over recent decades.Chapter 1 of this dissertation opens by identifying and demonstrating that American inventors remain the most prolific source of technological innovation in clean energy technology. While USPTO patent records suggest that the rest of the world caught up in the 1990s, the percentage of all patents granted to American inventors in key technology areas increased again in the 2000s. I contrast this reality with the prediction of the environmental policy literature's focus on pollution-pricing as providing key incentives for private actors to innovate. The American state has ostensibly not created a public policy environment conducive to technological innovation in alternative energy technology. I provide a detailed discussion of the specific market failures that are assumed to challenge the creation, development, and diffusion of alternative energy technologies. Further, I discuss different approaches to solving these market failures.I then argue that the American political economy faces a set of enduring institutional barriers to the implementation of innovation policy. In doing so, I make several theoretical and conceptual contributions. I argue that the institutional barriers to federal innovation policy are typically only overcome in the context of enduring socio-economic challenges or war. When federal innovation policy is implemented, it remains subject to ongoing Congressional pressures, which have often halted or curtailed it. I suggest that this institutional structure creates American innovation policy that typically involves dedicated federal agencies with considerable R&D budgets but limited bureaucratic capacity. This results in policy efforts that are highly decentralized, and in which federal agencies primarily play a coordinating role, while major R&D tasks are outsourced to universities and firms. Further, federal innovation policy heavily focuses on providing R&D and funding for desired technologies rather than directly regulating the use of technologies. I draw on four historical cases of federal innovation policy to demonstrate these points. I also provide an account of the role of federal agencies within the contemporary American innovation ecosystem.Chapter 2 proposes that concerns over energy security and demand for alternative energy technology by the Department of Defense (DoD) in the early 2000s have been crucial drivers of American innovation policy related to clean energy technology. In doing so, I document the close connection between military-related research and American clean energy innovation. I show that federal policy related to clean energy has focused on investments in basic science and R&D by the Departments of Energy and Defense, which have often been conducted in close cooperation with private companies and universities. Federal agencies have also conducted public demonstration projects, and DoD has been an important source of demand for clean energy technologies. Yet, federal efforts have overwhelmingly focused on the creation and improvement of new technology. There have been comparatively few dedicated efforts to raise the domestic uptake and diffusion of these technologies.To make this case, Chapter 2 presents two empirical approaches that demonstrate the impact of federal innovation policy in clean energy. Descriptively, I present a network analysis of clean energy patent citations showing that federal agencies are the most important sources of inventions in the US clean energy ecosystem. Here, I also make a methodological contribution, as this is the first network analysis of clean energy patent citations that I am aware of.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Political science.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

American studies.

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

American politics

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Clean energy

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Innovation

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Political economy

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

University of Washington Political Science

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03A.

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:653887