자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0016931587

International Standard Book Number  

9798379774479

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

616

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Li, Liujunli.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : New York University., 2023

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023

Physical Description  

1 online resource(198 p.)

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: B.

General Note  

Advisor: Erlich, Jeffrey C.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2023.

Restrictions on Access Note  

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Summary, Etc.  

요약Spatial orienting, i.e. the redirecting of the head and sensors on the head to specific targets in the space, is important for animals' survival and success. It serves as an information bottleneck that decides which part of the space will be further processed. The neural control of orienting movements have been most extensively studied in the primate eye orienting paradigms. We have gained a wealth of knowledge about the neural mechanism of orienting movement planning and execution, yet many questions remain about the detailed circuit mechanisms of movement planning.In recent years, rodents have become popular model systems for studying sensorimotor transformation, due to the availability of tools for high-throughput behavior training, large-scale neural recording, millisecond timescale neural manipulation, and the targeting of distinct anatomical neuron classes. Naturalistic behaviors that involve orienting, such as prey capture and navigation, have also been extensively studied in rodents. Thus, rodents are ideal for studying the neural mechanism of spatial orienting. There has been great advances in the understanding of sensorimotor transformation in rodents using two-alternative forced choice (2AFC) or go-nogo paradigms. However, naturalistic movements are multi-directional, and usually embedded in a complex spatial context. It is largely unknown how action plans are encoded in the rodent brain beyond 2AFC. Moreover, these low-dimensional tasks prevented us from answering basic questions: such as, in what reference frame action plans were represented.To bridge these gaps, we developed two multi-directional head orienting tasks in rats. These tasks were directly inspired by classic eye orienting tasks in primates. One was a visually-guided task, where the rats followed a visual cue to perform an orienting movement. The second was a memory-guided task, where the visual cues were only transiently illuminated and the animals needed to remember the target in order to perform the orienting movement. These tasks involved orienting movements from multiple possible start positions to multiple directions, which enabled us to distinguish between egocentric movement vectors and the allocentric start and target positions.The FOF was previously shown to be involved in 2AFC orienting tasks in rats. We found that FOF neurons encoded both the egocentric movement plan and the allocentric current head position. Further analysis showed that the spatial selectivity of most neurons were better explained by a gain-field model of mixed tuning to head position and the egocentric movement direction, compared to an additive model or single variable encoding models.To understand the causal role of FOF in multi-directional orienting movements, we optogenetically inhibited unilateral FOF when rat performed the memory task. We found that animals' performance was largely perturbed by the laser itself. We tried to identify the optogenetic effect on top of the laser effect using generalized linear models, and these models suggested that unilateral FOF inhibition induced a side bias to the ipsilateral side of the inhibition, rather than merely an inaccurate performance in the contralateral side. However, due to the confounding laser effect, the result should be taken as suggestive and not conclusive.Overall, these results demonstrated the feasibility and advantage of studying the neural mechanism of orienting and motor planning in rats with a multi-directional paradigm. Our behavior, electrophysiological and manipulation results all bear similarities with observations in primate eye orienting movements, suggesting conserved computations of orienting movements across species and motor modalities.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Neurosciences.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Psychobiology.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Physiological psychology.

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Spatial orienting

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Orienting movements

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Movement planning

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Complex spatial context

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Go-nogo paradigms

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

New York University Center for Neural Science

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-01B.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertation Abstract International

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:644059