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Multi-Phase Controls on Lava Dynamics Determined Through Analog Experiments, Observations, and Numerical Modeling- [electronic resource]
Multi-Phase Controls on Lava Dynamics Determined Through Analog Experiments, Observations, and Numerical Modeling- [electronic resource]

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문
Control Number  
0016935071
International Standard Book Number  
9798380578516
Dewey Decimal Classification Number  
550
Main Entry-Personal Name  
Birnbaum, Janine.
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
[S.l.] : Columbia University., 2023
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023
Physical Description  
1 online resource(209 p.)
General Note  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-04, Section: B.
General Note  
Advisor: Lev, Einat.
Dissertation Note  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2023.
Restrictions on Access Note  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
Summary, Etc.  
요약Volcanic eruptions pose hazards to life and insfrastructure, and contribute to the resurfacing of earth and other planetary bodies. Lavas and magmas are multi-phase suspensions of silicate melts (liquids), solid crystals, and vapor bubbles, and solidify into glass and rock upon cooling. The interactions between phases place important controls on the dynamics and timescales of magma and lava transport and emplacement. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the role of multi-phase interactions in controlling eruption dynamics and inform conceptual and numerical models for hazard prediction.In Chapters 1 and 2, centimeter to meter scale analog experiments are used to explore the multi-phase rheological properties and flow behaviors of bubble- and particle-bearing suspensions. Optical imaging of dam-break experiments presented in Chapter 1 expand existing experimental parameter ranges for lava analogs to higher bubble concentrations than existing datasets (up to 82% by volume bubbles and 37% by volume particles). I develop a constitutive relationship for three-phase relative viscosity, and demonstrate that at the low strain-rate conditions relevant to many natural lava flows, accounting for the rheological effect of bubbles can result in the prediction of slower runout speeds. Chapter 2 expands upon the work of Chapter 1 using different analog materials observed using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) phase-contrast velocimetry (PCV) to measure velocity in the flow interior of three-phase dam-break experiments. I find that for high-aspect ratio particles (sesame seeds), phase segregation into shear bands readily occurs, even at low particle fraction (20%) and results in strain localization. I suggest that the presence of shear bands can lead to faster flow runout than predicted using assumptions of bulk rheology.Chapter 3 analyzes thermal infrared (IR) time-lapse photography and videography of Hawaiian to Strombolian explosive activity during the 2021 eruption of Cumbre Vieja volcano, La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain. Images are analyzed to find time series of apparent plume radius, velocity, and apparent volume flux of high-temperature gas and lava. I compare with other measures of eruptive activity, including remote observations of plume height, SO2 flux, effusive flux, tremor, and events at the volcano edifice including edifice collapses and the opening of new vents. I find correlations between tremor and explosive flux, but no correlation with SO2 flux or effusive flux, which I interpret as evidence of bubble segregation, highlighting the role of phase segregation and temporal variability in material properties in natural systems.Finally, in Chapter 4, I develop a novel finite element model to explore the interaction between a viscous flow with a solidified crust, and the effect of these interactions on lava flow and lava dome emplacement. I develop a model that couples a temperature-dependent viscous interior with an elastic shell flowing into air, water, or dense atmospheres. The model expands upon existing numerical simulations used in volcanology to have direct applications to lava flows and domes on the sea floor, which accounts for a large portion of the volcanism on Earth, and volcanism on other planetary bodies. Additionally, the formation of levees or solidified flow fronts that fracture and lead to a restart of flow. These lava flow breakouts pose a significant hazard, but there are currently no volcanological community codes capable of using a physics-based approach to predict the timing or location of breakouts. The model in Chapter 4 is the first to allow for assessment of the likelihood of failure at the scale of a flow lobe. Chapter 4 describes the model formulation and verification, and validation against centimeter-scale molten basalt experiments. The dissertation as a whole integrates work using a variety of methods including analog experiments, observations of natural eruptions, and numerical simulations to contribute to our understanding of the effects of multi-phase interactions on volcanic eruptions.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Geophysics.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Remote sensing.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Fluid mechanics.
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Analog experiments
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Eruption dynamics
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Lava flows
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Numerical modeling
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Volcanic eruptions
Added Entry-Corporate Name  
Columbia University Earth and Environmental Sciences
Host Item Entry  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-04B.
Host Item Entry  
Dissertation Abstract International
Electronic Location and Access  
로그인을 한후 보실 수 있는 자료입니다.
Control Number  
joongbu:643645

MARC

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■1001  ▼aBirnbaum,  Janine.
■24510▼aMulti-Phase  Controls  on  Lava  Dynamics  Determined  Through  Analog  Experiments,  Observations,  and  Numerical  Modeling▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]▼bColumbia  University.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(209  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Lev,  Einat.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aVolcanic  eruptions  pose  hazards  to  life  and  insfrastructure,  and  contribute  to  the  resurfacing  of  earth  and  other  planetary  bodies.  Lavas  and  magmas  are  multi-phase  suspensions  of  silicate  melts  (liquids),  solid  crystals,  and  vapor  bubbles,  and  solidify  into  glass  and  rock  upon  cooling.  The  interactions  between  phases  place  important  controls  on  the  dynamics  and  timescales  of  magma  and  lava  transport  and  emplacement.  The  purpose  of  this  thesis  is  to  explore  the  role  of  multi-phase  interactions  in  controlling  eruption  dynamics  and  inform  conceptual  and  numerical  models  for  hazard  prediction.In  Chapters  1  and  2,  centimeter  to  meter  scale  analog  experiments  are  used  to  explore  the  multi-phase  rheological  properties  and  flow  behaviors  of  bubble-  and  particle-bearing  suspensions.  Optical  imaging  of  dam-break  experiments  presented  in  Chapter  1  expand  existing  experimental  parameter  ranges  for  lava  analogs  to  higher  bubble  concentrations  than  existing  datasets  (up  to  82%  by  volume  bubbles  and  37%  by  volume  particles).  I  develop  a  constitutive  relationship  for  three-phase  relative  viscosity,  and  demonstrate  that  at  the  low  strain-rate  conditions  relevant  to  many  natural  lava  flows,  accounting  for  the  rheological  effect  of  bubbles  can  result  in  the  prediction  of  slower  runout  speeds.  Chapter  2  expands  upon  the  work  of  Chapter  1  using  different  analog  materials  observed  using  nuclear  magnetic  resonance  imaging  (MRI)  phase-contrast  velocimetry  (PCV)  to  measure  velocity  in  the  flow  interior  of  three-phase  dam-break  experiments.  I  find  that  for  high-aspect  ratio  particles  (sesame  seeds),  phase  segregation  into  shear  bands  readily  occurs,  even  at  low  particle  fraction  (20%)  and  results  in  strain  localization.  I  suggest  that  the  presence  of  shear  bands  can  lead  to  faster  flow  runout  than  predicted  using  assumptions  of  bulk  rheology.Chapter  3  analyzes  thermal  infrared  (IR)  time-lapse  photography  and  videography  of  Hawaiian  to  Strombolian  explosive  activity  during  the  2021  eruption  of  Cumbre  Vieja  volcano,  La  Palma,  Canary  Islands,  Spain.  Images  are  analyzed  to  find  time  series  of  apparent  plume  radius,  velocity,  and  apparent  volume  flux  of  high-temperature  gas  and  lava.  I  compare  with  other  measures  of  eruptive  activity,  including  remote  observations  of  plume  height,  SO2  flux,  effusive  flux,  tremor,  and  events  at  the  volcano  edifice  including  edifice  collapses  and  the  opening  of  new  vents.  I  find  correlations  between  tremor  and  explosive  flux,  but  no  correlation  with  SO2  flux  or  effusive  flux,  which  I  interpret  as  evidence  of  bubble  segregation,  highlighting  the  role  of  phase  segregation  and  temporal  variability  in  material  properties  in  natural  systems.Finally,  in  Chapter  4,  I  develop  a  novel  finite  element  model  to  explore  the  interaction  between  a  viscous  flow  with  a  solidified  crust,  and  the  effect  of  these  interactions  on  lava  flow  and  lava  dome  emplacement.  I  develop  a  model  that  couples  a  temperature-dependent  viscous  interior  with  an  elastic  shell  flowing  into  air,  water,  or  dense  atmospheres.  The  model  expands  upon  existing  numerical  simulations  used  in  volcanology  to  have  direct  applications  to  lava  flows  and  domes  on  the  sea  floor,  which  accounts  for  a  large  portion  of  the  volcanism  on  Earth,  and  volcanism  on  other  planetary  bodies.  Additionally,  the  formation  of  levees  or  solidified  flow  fronts  that  fracture  and  lead  to  a  restart  of  flow.  These  lava  flow  breakouts  pose  a  significant  hazard,  but  there  are  currently  no  volcanological  community  codes  capable  of  using  a  physics-based  approach  to  predict  the  timing  or  location  of  breakouts.  The  model  in  Chapter  4  is  the  first  to  allow  for  assessment  of  the  likelihood  of  failure  at  the  scale  of  a  flow  lobe.  Chapter  4  describes  the  model  formulation  and  verification,  and  validation  against  centimeter-scale  molten  basalt  experiments. The  dissertation  as  a  whole  integrates  work  using  a  variety  of  methods  including  analog  experiments,  observations  of  natural  eruptions,  and  numerical  simulations  to  contribute  to  our  understanding  of  the  effects  of  multi-phase  interactions  on  volcanic  eruptions.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aGeophysics.
■650  4▼aRemote  sensing.
■650  4▼aFluid  mechanics.
■653    ▼aAnalog  experiments
■653    ▼aEruption  dynamics
■653    ▼aLava  flows
■653    ▼aNumerical  modeling
■653    ▼aVolcanic  eruptions
■690    ▼a0373
■690    ▼a0467
■690    ▼a0204
■690    ▼a0799
■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bEarth  and  Environmental  Sciences.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-04B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16935071▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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