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Essays on Cooperation and Competition in Strategic Environments- [electronic resource]
Essays on Cooperation and Competition in Strategic Environments- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문
Control Number  
0016932737
International Standard Book Number  
9798379842949
Dewey Decimal Classification Number  
630
Main Entry-Personal Name  
Evans, Alecia.
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
[S.l.] : Purdue University., 2022
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2022
Physical Description  
1 online resource(134 p.)
General Note  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: B.
General Note  
Advisor: Sesmero, Juan Pablo.
Dissertation Note  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Purdue University, 2022.
Restrictions on Access Note  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
Summary, Etc.  
요약In many economic settings agents behave strategically. Understanding and, sometimes regulating, that behavior is often crucial to enhance the efficiency with which scarce resources are allocated. A peculiar feature of economics is that cooperation among agents sometimes boosts efficiency, and sometimes hinders it. Social dilemmas, highly ubiquitous in economics, are situations in which cooperation boosts efficiency. Highly concentrated markets where a few firms operate, are situations in which cooperation (also known as collusion) among firms hinders efficiency. In such markets competition, rather than cooperation, boosts efficiency. In this dissertation, I study how uncertainty affects cooperation in social dilemmas, and how the presence of cooperative firms affects competition in concentrated markets.Both of the settings I study in this dissertation (social dilemmas with noisy payoffs and duopsony with endogenous location and pricing strategy) face a similar challenge. Their complexity compromises the tractability of conventional equilibrium concepts. In other words, Nash equilibria do not exist, or there is a multiplicity of equilibria. This, in turn, precludes comparative static analyses characterizing the effect of exogenous market forces (uncertainty and firm ownership structure) on market and welfare outcomes.I address this key challenge through a combination of genetic algorithms and laboratory experiments. A genetic algorithm consists of a selection process that identifies strategies that perform better than others, on average. Therefore, surviving strategies constitute, in a sense, average best responses. More than one strategy may survive. This happens when none of the surviving strategies is weakly dominated by the other surviving strategies. An equilibrium is a combination of surviving strategies. In this context, a comparative static analysis consists of the change in equilibrium (combination of surviving strategies) due to a change in exogenous forces. These comparative static analyses generate testable hypotheses. In Essays 1 and 2, I implement laboratory experiments to test these hypotheses.In Essay 1, I compare infinitely repeated social dilemmas with deterministic and noisy payoffs. I test whether noise in payoffs (where noisy payoffs are generated by a random shock and are uncorrelated amongst agents), which introduces imperfect monitoring, affects cooperation. Experimental evidence shows that imperfect monitoring reduces cooperation because it hinders agents' ability to threaten defectors with a reciprocal defection. Therefore, noise reduces efficiency by unraveling cooperation in social dilemmas. In Essay 2, I study whether correlation among agents' noisy payoffs strengthens monitoring and restores cooperation. Experimental evidence shows that stronger (though still imperfect) monitoring due to correlation helps cooperation if and only if agents are prone to cooperate in the initial rounds of the repeated game. Therefore, correlation among shocks affecting agents' payoffs may or may not increase efficiency depending on the type of players participating in the social dilemma.Finally, in Essay 3, I use a genetic algorithm to generate comparative statics characterizing the effect of a cooperative firm on market equilibrium and efficiency in a spatial duoposony. A Nash equilibrium in this setting does not exist when location, price, and the degree of spatial price discrimination are all endogenous in the seminal Hotelling's model. I use a genetic algorithm to identify a stable equilibrium in this setting. I find that a cooperative firm increases efficiency. But, counterintuitively, it does so when the cooperative does not directly compete with the privately owned firm. This is because the cooperative maximizes market share when its procurement region does not overlap with the privately owned firm's procurement region.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Agriculture.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Genetic algorithms.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Farms.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Game theory.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Competition.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Theoretical mathematics.
Added Entry-Corporate Name  
Purdue University.
Host Item Entry  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-01B.
Host Item Entry  
Dissertation Abstract International
Electronic Location and Access  
로그인을 한후 보실 수 있는 자료입니다.
Control Number  
joongbu:643545

MARC

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■1001  ▼aEvans,  Alecia.
■24510▼aEssays  on  Cooperation  and  Competition  in  Strategic  Environments▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]▼bPurdue  University.  ▼c2022
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2022
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(134  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Sesmero,  Juan  Pablo.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Purdue  University,  2022.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aIn  many  economic  settings  agents  behave  strategically.  Understanding  and,  sometimes  regulating,  that  behavior  is  often  crucial  to  enhance  the  efficiency  with  which  scarce  resources  are  allocated.  A  peculiar  feature  of  economics  is  that  cooperation  among  agents  sometimes  boosts  efficiency,  and  sometimes  hinders  it.  Social  dilemmas,  highly  ubiquitous  in  economics,  are  situations  in  which  cooperation  boosts  efficiency.  Highly  concentrated  markets  where  a  few  firms  operate,  are  situations  in  which  cooperation  (also  known  as  collusion)  among  firms  hinders  efficiency.  In  such  markets  competition,  rather  than  cooperation,  boosts  efficiency.  In  this  dissertation,  I  study  how  uncertainty  affects  cooperation  in  social  dilemmas,  and  how  the  presence  of  cooperative  firms  affects  competition  in  concentrated  markets.Both  of  the  settings  I  study  in  this  dissertation  (social  dilemmas  with  noisy  payoffs  and  duopsony  with  endogenous  location  and  pricing  strategy)  face  a  similar  challenge.  Their  complexity  compromises  the  tractability  of  conventional  equilibrium  concepts.  In  other  words,  Nash  equilibria  do  not  exist,  or  there  is  a  multiplicity  of  equilibria.  This,  in  turn,  precludes  comparative  static  analyses  characterizing  the  effect  of  exogenous  market  forces  (uncertainty  and  firm  ownership  structure)  on  market  and  welfare  outcomes.I  address  this  key  challenge  through  a  combination  of  genetic  algorithms  and  laboratory  experiments.  A  genetic  algorithm  consists  of  a  selection  process  that  identifies  strategies  that  perform  better  than  others,  on  average.  Therefore,  surviving  strategies  constitute,  in  a  sense,  average  best  responses.  More  than  one  strategy  may  survive.  This  happens  when  none  of  the  surviving  strategies  is  weakly  dominated  by  the  other  surviving  strategies.  An  equilibrium  is  a  combination  of  surviving  strategies.  In  this  context,  a  comparative  static  analysis  consists  of  the  change  in  equilibrium  (combination  of  surviving  strategies)  due  to  a  change  in  exogenous  forces.  These  comparative  static  analyses  generate  testable  hypotheses.  In  Essays  1  and  2,  I  implement  laboratory  experiments  to  test  these  hypotheses.In  Essay  1,  I  compare  infinitely  repeated  social  dilemmas  with  deterministic  and  noisy  payoffs.  I  test  whether  noise  in  payoffs  (where  noisy  payoffs  are  generated  by  a  random  shock  and  are  uncorrelated  amongst  agents),  which  introduces  imperfect  monitoring,  affects  cooperation.  Experimental  evidence  shows  that  imperfect  monitoring  reduces  cooperation  because  it  hinders  agents'  ability  to  threaten  defectors  with  a  reciprocal  defection.  Therefore,  noise  reduces  efficiency  by  unraveling  cooperation  in  social  dilemmas.  In  Essay  2,  I  study  whether  correlation  among  agents'  noisy  payoffs  strengthens  monitoring  and  restores  cooperation.  Experimental  evidence  shows  that  stronger  (though  still  imperfect)  monitoring  due  to  correlation  helps  cooperation  if  and  only  if  agents  are  prone  to  cooperate  in  the  initial  rounds  of  the  repeated  game.  Therefore,  correlation  among  shocks  affecting  agents'  payoffs  may  or  may  not  increase  efficiency  depending  on  the  type  of  players  participating  in  the  social  dilemma.Finally,  in  Essay  3,  I  use  a  genetic  algorithm  to  generate  comparative  statics  characterizing  the  effect  of  a  cooperative  firm  on  market  equilibrium  and  efficiency  in  a  spatial  duoposony.  A  Nash  equilibrium  in  this  setting  does  not  exist  when  location,  price,  and  the  degree  of  spatial  price  discrimination  are  all  endogenous  in  the  seminal  Hotelling's  model.  I  use  a  genetic  algorithm  to  identify  a  stable  equilibrium  in  this  setting.  I  find  that  a  cooperative  firm  increases  efficiency.  But,  counterintuitively,  it  does  so  when  the  cooperative  does  not  directly  compete  with  the  privately  owned  firm.  This  is  because  the  cooperative  maximizes  market  share  when  its  procurement  region  does  not  overlap  with  the  privately  owned  firm's  procurement  region.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0183.
■650  4▼aAgriculture.
■650  4▼aGenetic  algorithms.
■650  4▼aFarms.
■650  4▼aGame  theory.
■650  4▼aCompetition.
■650  4▼aTheoretical  mathematics.
■690    ▼a0473
■690    ▼a0800
■690    ▼a0642
■71020▼aPurdue  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-01B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0183
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2022
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16932737▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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