자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0016934529

International Standard Book Number  

9798380482103

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

591

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Madugula, Sasidhar.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : Stanford University., 2022

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2022

Physical Description  

1 online resource(77 p.)

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-04, Section: B.

General Note  

Advisor: Chichilnisky, E. J.;Baccus, Stephen;Huguenard, John;Mitra, Subhasish;Palanker, Daniel.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2022.

Restrictions on Access Note  

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Summary, Etc.  

요약Future high-fidelity, large-scale electrical brain-machine interfaces will have the ability to restore population-level neural function to treat debilitating sensorimotor conditions. Achieving this will require fine, simultaneous, targeted closed-loop extracellular control of many individual neurons, carefully taking into account their natural physiological properties. Reconstitution of naturalistic neuronal activity in vivonecessitates advances in the engineering of bio-interfacing electrodes, understanding of population-level functional physiology, and mapping of biophysical responses to artificial external current. However, until recently, the electrophysiological exploration of neuronal responses to pulses of extracellular electrical current has been limited to either mostly non-primate cells, aggregated signals from hundreds or thousands of neurons, or peripheral nerve-fiber bundles. Additionally, most detailed explorations of single neuron biophysics have been conducted on cultured neurons with unnatural morphologies and extracellular environments.Using intact pieces of excised retinal tissue as a model system for ease of access, correlatability to therapeutic interventions for patients, and similarity to the cortex, our lab has previously independently characterized the recording and extracellular stimulus response properties of four macaque retinal ganglion cell (RGC) types: ON and OFF parasol and midget cells at a large scale using a densely spaced 512-electrode MEA. My graduate work builds on these initial studies by 1) systematically relating the recorded features of spontaneous activity of four RGC types at different eccentricities to their electrical response properties across dozens of different retinal preparations and thousands of individual cells, exploring the mechanism of this relationship using simulated neural models, and investigating the practical utility of such a characterization for future retinal implant engineering, and 2) generalizing the insights derived from the extracellular probing of macaque RGCs to human RGCs, which demonstrate very similar recording and electrical response properties. This work reveals that RGCs across different macaque and human eyes have near a uniform relationship between activity recording and electrical response properties that depend on broad cellular characteristics such as membrane morphology and ion channel density. It also demonstrates that these properties can be leveraged to aid in retinal implant design-specifically calibration of electrical stimuli-for use in treating acquired blindness. Finally, it implies that similar analyses are possible in various CNS circuits, making high-resolution artificial electrode access to these systems possible.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Cells.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Neurons.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Electrodes.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Retina.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Biophysics.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Neurosciences.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Nervous system.

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

Stanford University.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-04B.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertation Abstract International

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:642243