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Learning and Prior Knowledge Shape Cognitive Representations for Complex Images- [electronic resource]
Learning and Prior Knowledge Shape Cognitive Representations for Complex Images- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문
Control Number  
0016933111
International Standard Book Number  
9798379914950
Dewey Decimal Classification Number  
152
Main Entry-Personal Name  
Schill, Hayden.
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
[S.l.] : University of California, San Diego., 2023
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023
Physical Description  
1 online resource(116 p.)
General Note  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: B.
General Note  
Advisor: Brady, Timothy.
Dissertation Note  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2023.
Restrictions on Access Note  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
Summary, Etc.  
요약Through navigating and interacting with the world, we develop knowledge that can be used to help guide future interactions or process similar information more efficiently. For example, as someone proceeds through medical school and residency to become a radiologist, they develop a deep understanding of medical images. This learned knowledge influences several cognitive processes, which allows them to find abnormalities quickly and efficiently. My dissertation examines factors that may drive how prior knowledge in perceptual domains influence cognitive processes such as memory and perception. I use a range of stimuli and methods that mimic real-world scenarios and require significant perceptual prior knowledge. In particular, I use medical imaging and face perception as two unique but strong indices of perceptual expertise. In chapter 1, I establish that radiologists have enhanced memory for abnormal compared to normal mammograms. I show evidence that this memory benefit appears to be driven by a unique role of distinctiveness, which emerges with significant prior knowledge in the expert's domain. In chapter 2, I demonstrate that additional knowledge of an abnormality in a medical image not only shapes memory but also enhances experts' perception of medical images themselves, a form of bias called visual hindsight bias. In chapter 3, I examine the impact of occlusions and feature learning on our ability to extract summary statistics of complex facial information. Overall, I highlight how learned knowledge shapes a range of cognitive processes including memory, visual perception, and ensemble perception, and touch on several avenues for future direction.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Experimental psychology.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Psychology.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Cognitive psychology.
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Cognitive representations
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Complex images
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Medical images
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Cognitive processes
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Perceptual expertise
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Visual hindsight bias
Added Entry-Corporate Name  
University of California, San Diego Psychology
Host Item Entry  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-01B.
Host Item Entry  
Dissertation Abstract International
Electronic Location and Access  
로그인을 한후 보실 수 있는 자료입니다.
Control Number  
joongbu:642212

MARC

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■1001  ▼aSchill,  Hayden.
■24510▼aLearning  and  Prior  Knowledge  Shape  Cognitive  Representations  for  Complex  Images▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]▼bUniversity  of  California,  San  Diego.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(116  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Brady,  Timothy.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  San  Diego,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aThrough  navigating  and  interacting  with  the  world,  we  develop  knowledge  that  can  be  used  to  help  guide  future  interactions  or  process  similar  information  more  efficiently.  For  example,  as  someone  proceeds  through  medical  school  and  residency  to  become  a  radiologist,  they  develop  a  deep  understanding  of  medical  images.  This  learned  knowledge  influences  several  cognitive  processes,  which  allows  them  to  find  abnormalities  quickly  and  efficiently.  My  dissertation  examines  factors  that  may  drive  how  prior  knowledge  in  perceptual  domains  influence  cognitive  processes  such  as  memory  and  perception.  I  use  a  range  of  stimuli  and  methods  that  mimic  real-world  scenarios  and  require  significant  perceptual  prior  knowledge.  In  particular,  I  use  medical  imaging  and  face  perception  as  two  unique  but  strong  indices  of  perceptual  expertise.  In  chapter  1,  I  establish  that  radiologists  have  enhanced  memory  for  abnormal  compared  to  normal  mammograms.  I  show  evidence  that  this  memory  benefit  appears  to  be  driven  by  a  unique  role  of  distinctiveness,  which  emerges  with  significant  prior  knowledge  in  the  expert's  domain.  In  chapter  2,  I  demonstrate  that  additional  knowledge  of  an  abnormality  in  a  medical  image  not  only  shapes  memory  but  also  enhances  experts'  perception  of  medical  images  themselves,  a  form  of  bias  called  visual  hindsight  bias.  In  chapter  3,  I  examine  the  impact  of  occlusions  and  feature  learning  on  our  ability  to  extract  summary  statistics  of  complex  facial  information.  Overall,  I  highlight  how  learned  knowledge  shapes  a  range  of  cognitive  processes  including  memory,  visual  perception,  and  ensemble  perception,  and  touch  on  several  avenues  for  future  direction.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0033.
■650  4▼aExperimental  psychology.
■650  4▼aPsychology.
■650  4▼aCognitive  psychology.
■653    ▼aCognitive  representations
■653    ▼aComplex  images
■653    ▼aMedical  images
■653    ▼aCognitive  processes
■653    ▼aPerceptual  expertise
■653    ▼aVisual  hindsight  bias
■690    ▼a0623
■690    ▼a0621
■690    ▼a0633
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  San  Diego▼bPsychology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-01B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0033
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16933111▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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