자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0016934433

International Standard Book Number  

9798380276030

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

628

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Pritchard, James Conrad.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : Stanford University., 2022

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2022

Physical Description  

1 online resource(280 p.)

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: A.

General Note  

Advisor: Luthy, Richard.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2022.

Restrictions on Access Note  

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Summary, Etc.  

요약Urban stormwater runoff, historically seen as a flooding risk and known to contribute to surface water impairment, is now viewed as one of the few untapped sources of freshwater in water-stressed regions. However, improved treatment is needed to realize stormwater beneficial use, as current stormwater control measures (SCMs) inadequately remove mobile dissolved pollutants including metal and trace organic contaminants (TrOCs). This dissertation investigates black carbon (BC) amended engineered media filters for improved treatment of metals and TrOCs from stormwater runoff. Long-term column experiments and contaminant transport modeling are used to elucidate the kinetic limitations of TrOCs removal for a high-temperature gasification biochar and regenerated activated carbon and push the boundaries of what is possible for stormwater treatment.Six engineered media mixtures are evaluated for both hydraulic performance and TrOCs removal using a novel approach to generate reproducible synthetic stormwater with natural dissolved organic carbon, realistic flow (20 cm hr-1 ) and media sizes (0.42 mm - 1.68 mm), and downflow configuration with outlet controls. These parameters increase the relevance of this study and facilitate transfer to the field. BC amended engineered media are shown to remove nearly all of the TrOCs in the effluent over the course of three-months (480 empty bed volumes) while sample ports spaced along the depth of the filter provide windows to observe contaminant transport.An intraparticle pore diffusion-limited sorption contaminant transport model is then modified and used to describe TrOCs transport within BC amended engineered media filters. Sorption and tortuosity parameters derived from fitting the model to observed contaminant transport are validated by predicting contaminant transport further down the column and are compared to parameters derived from batch isotherms. The model is used to predict the lifetime of a hypothetical filter in Seal Beach, CA and offers insights into the kinetic differences of biochar and regenerated activated carbon.BC amended engineered media filter performance is then assessed at higher flow rates of 40 and 60 cm hr-1 in order to better understand the kinetic limitations of TrOCs removal and to validate the transport model for higher flow conditions. The TrOCs removal is reduced at higher flow rates and the transport model accurately predicts the contaminant breakthrough using parameters derived from the 20 cm hr-1column experiments. Filter performance tables are developed to demonstrate the impacts of the kinetic limitations of TrOCs removal and to disseminate the model results to stormwater practitioners.Lastly, the impacts of dynamic flow and influent loading and variable background dissolved organic carbon conditions on the performance of BC amended engineered media filters are investigated. Changing the flow rates and influent loading concentrations affect TrOCs removal and breakthrough and is well predicted by the transport model. Changing the background dissolved organic carbon concentrations significantly impacts TrOCs removal. The transport model is used to elucidate how high background dissolved organic carbon reduces TrOCs removal by deriving sorption and tortuosity parameters from the observed TrOCs breakthrough curves and comparing these parameters with those from batch isotherms conducted at various dissolved organic carbon concentrations.This research advances our understanding of the performance and modeling of BC amended SCMs at elevated flow rates and offers insights into the kinetic limitations of TrOCs removal. This work makes a tangible contribution to the field of stormwater management in the form of TrOCs transport modeling and filter performance tables that may be used to replace rudimentary assumptions about performance of BC amended SCMs.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Water quality.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Zinc.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Stormwater management.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Carbon.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Cadmium.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Runoff.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Grain size.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Pore size.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Effluents.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Zeolites.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Nitrogen.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Civil engineering.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Hydraulic engineering.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Water resources management.

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

Stanford University.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-03A.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertation Abstract International

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:642076