자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0016934429

International Standard Book Number  

9798380272575

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

628

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Galdi, Stephen M.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : Stanford University., 2022

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2022

Physical Description  

1 online resource(116 p.)

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: A.

General Note  

Advisor: Criddle, Craig;Tarpeh, William;Luthy, Richard.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2022.

Restrictions on Access Note  

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Summary, Etc.  

요약Mainstream anaerobic wastewater treatment with the staged anaerobic fluidized bed membrane bioreactor (SAF-MBR) shows promise to transform secondary wastewater treatment into an energy-positive, decentralizable process. However, prior to full scale application, more information is required to address the issues of dissolved methane recovery, compliance with prevailing regulations, and compatibility with polishing unit processes. Dissolved methane in the SAF-MBR effluent comprises between 10-50% of methane generated from secondary treatment, and its recovery is necessary for energy positive operation and prevention of fugitive methane emissions a potent greenhouse gas. Field experiments were conducted at a demonstration-scale SAF-MBR process to evaluate dissolved methane recovery and effluent polishing to reduce trace organic contaminants. Pilot air stripping experiments with regular disinfection demonstrated 98% removal of dissolved methane, with 90% methane recoverable for combustion when blended with primary and secondary biogas streams. Direct energy costs make up less than 1% of the additional energy recoverable from the air stripping process, making the process a robust and efficient option for dissolved methane recovery.In addition to dissolved methane recovery by air stripping, post-treatment consisting of a roughing aerobic filter, tertiary filtration with regenerated activated carbon, and ultraviolet disinfection were shown to manage residual organic matter, pathogens, and trace organics observed in SAF-MBR effluent in compliance with discharge or non-potable reuse regulations. The regenerated activated carbon filtration showed at least two log removal of eight hydrophilic trace organic compounds (TrOCs) spiked at 10-20 µg/L: 1H-benzotriazole, caffeine, carbamazepine, diuron, fipronil, gemfibrozil, imidacloprid, and sulfamethoxazole. With the addition of a nitrogen removal or recovery process, the SAF-MBR effluent could be demonstrated effective and safe for decentralized irrigation applications. The use of regenerated activated carbon and biochar media in tertiary filtration were assessed for additional removal of select TrOCs relevant for indirect potable reuse via groundwater recharge. Using diffusion-limited advection dispersion modeling from pilot tests, TrOC removal and sorption parameters can be onsistently fit to stable wastewater effluent conditions. For TrOCs compatible with sorption removal, multiple log removals were observed over 1500 empty bed volumes of operation with regenerated activated carbon. Under more challenging conditions with 5 wt % activated carbon and 6 wt % biochar, severe filter clogging, and increased TrOC mobility was observed in SAF-MBR effluent without aerobic polishing. Decreases in performance were manifest by a substantial increase in compound specific tortuosity factors, implying kinetic limitations to sorption rather than a large decrease in sorption capacity from high organic carbon loading.These results from testbed studies in field conditions show the feasibility for nonpotable water reuse of SAF-MBR effluent following air stripping for methane recovery, aerobic polishing, regenerated activated carbon filtration, and UV disinfection. Future improvements to SAF-MBR retention and degradation of ultra-fine organic matter are anticipated to further improve the performance of regenerated activated carbon filtration. This is concluded by modeled parameters showing reduced kinetic inhibition of TrOCs loading onto carbon sorbents during operation at lower relative dissolved organic carbon. Increased flow rates may also improve aerobic filter performance, if a trickling filter is selected, as the pilot unit had non-ideal flow distribution over the packing media. Increased aerobic degradation in the effluent prior to black carbon filtration would remove more of the degradable subset of TrOCs, and more importantly further reduce the dissolved organic carbon loading on the sorption media. With these improvements and a nutrient management strategy, the SAF-MBR could be deployed to deliver irrigation water with lower energy and carbon footprints than current alternatives.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Air flow.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Environmental science.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Water treatment.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Emissions.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Electricity distribution.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Chemical oxygen demand.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Drinking water.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Biomass.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Effluents.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Energy consumption.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Activated carbon.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Technology.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Climate change.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Membrane separation.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Sludge.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Recycling.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Electricity.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Biogas.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Sensors.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Alternative energy.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Analytical chemistry.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Biogeochemistry.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Chemistry.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Civil engineering.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Energy.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Environmental engineering.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Sustainability.

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

Stanford University.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-03A.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertation Abstract International

Electronic Location and Access  

로그인을 한후 보실 수 있는 자료입니다.

Control Number  

joongbu:642074