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Improving Livestock Climatic Adaptation Through Genomics- [electronic resource]
Improving Livestock Climatic Adaptation Through Genomics- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문
Control Number  
0016932864
International Standard Book Number  
9798379850609
Dewey Decimal Classification Number  
612
Main Entry-Personal Name  
Freitas, Pedro H.F.
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
[S.l.] : Purdue University., 2022
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2022
Physical Description  
1 online resource(234 p.)
General Note  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: B.
General Note  
Advisor: Brito, Luiz F.
Dissertation Note  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Purdue University, 2022.
Restrictions on Access Note  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
Summary, Etc.  
요약As the effects of climate change become more evident, the development of effective strategies for improving livestock climatic adaptation and the long-term sustainability of animal food production have become key priorities around the world, including in the US. Together with nutrition, infrastructure, and management practices, genetically improving animals is an effective and lasting alternative to simultaneously improve productive efficiency and climatic adaptation of animals. Genetic improvement requires basic understanding of the genomic architecture of the indicator traits of interest and the availability of large-scale datasets. Understanding the role of evolution and selection (both natural and artificial) on shaping animal genomes is of paramount importance for the optimization of breeding programs and conservation of genetic resources. In addition, properly quantifying environmental stress and individual animal responses to thermal stress are still important challenges in breeding programs. Thus, the identification of optimal statistical methods and traits that better capture key biological mechanisms involved in the heat stress response has the potential to enable more accurate selection for thermal tolerant individuals. Therefore, this thesis aimed to investigate complementary topics related to thermal tolerance in livestock species based on genomic information. A total of 946 genotypes from 34 cattle breeds, as well as Datong yak (Bos grunniens) and Bali (Bos javanicus) populations, adapted to divergent climatic conditions, were used to investigate the genetic diversity and unravel genomic regions potentially under selection for thermal tolerance, with a focus on Chinese local cattle breeds and yak. Different signature of selection analyses and a comprehensive description of genetic diversity in 32 worldwide cattle and Datong yak populations was presented. Moderate genetic diversity was observed within each Chinese cattle population. However, these results highlighted the need to adopt strategies to avoid further reduction in the genetic diversity of these populations. Several candidate genes were identified as potentially under selection for thermal tolerance, and important biological pathways, molecular functions, and cellular components were identified, which contribute to our understanding of the genetic background of thermal tolerance in Bosspecies. Secondly, 8,992 genotyped individuals were used to provide a comprehensive description of genotype-by-environment interaction effects, defining optimal environmental variables based on public weather station data, and critical periods to evaluate heat tolerance for various reproduction, growth, and body composition traits in US Large White pigs. The period of 30 days before the measurement date was suggested to analyze genotype-by-environment interaction for off-test weight, muscle depth, and backfat thickness. While for number of piglets weaned and weaning weight, the suggested period ranged from the last trimester of gestation until weaning. This same population was used to access the genomic predictive ability of heat tolerance based on routinelymeasured traits and explore candidate regions involved in the biological mechanisms that underlie heat stress response in pigs. Genotype-by-environment interaction was identified for most of the traits evaluated, and moderate (0.36 ± 0.05) breeding values prediction accuracy were achieved using genomic information. Lastly, various behavioral, anatomical, and physiological indicators of heat stress were measured in a population of 1,645 multiparous Large White x Landrace lactating sows.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Physiology.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Humidity.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Livestock.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Feeds.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Nutrition.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Hogs.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Heat.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Genomes.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Skin.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Metabolism.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Genomics.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Respiration.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Climate change.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Environmental conditions.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Haplotypes.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Ultrasonic imaging.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Weaning.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Animal sciences.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Atmospheric sciences.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Genetics.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Medical imaging.
Added Entry-Corporate Name  
Purdue University.
Host Item Entry  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-01B.
Host Item Entry  
Dissertation Abstract International
Electronic Location and Access  
로그인을 한후 보실 수 있는 자료입니다.
Control Number  
joongbu:641917

MARC

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■0820  ▼a612
■1001  ▼aFreitas,  Pedro  H.F.
■24510▼aImproving  Livestock  Climatic  Adaptation  Through  Genomics▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]▼bPurdue  University.  ▼c2022
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2022
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(234  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Brito,  Luiz  F.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Purdue  University,  2022.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aAs  the  effects  of  climate  change  become  more  evident,  the  development  of  effective  strategies  for  improving  livestock  climatic  adaptation  and  the  long-term  sustainability  of  animal  food  production  have  become  key  priorities  around  the  world,  including  in  the  US.  Together  with  nutrition,  infrastructure,  and  management  practices,  genetically  improving  animals  is  an  effective  and  lasting  alternative  to  simultaneously  improve  productive  efficiency  and  climatic  adaptation  of  animals.  Genetic  improvement  requires  basic  understanding  of  the  genomic  architecture  of  the  indicator  traits  of  interest  and  the  availability  of  large-scale  datasets.  Understanding  the  role  of  evolution  and  selection  (both  natural  and  artificial)  on  shaping  animal  genomes  is  of  paramount  importance  for  the  optimization  of  breeding  programs  and  conservation  of  genetic  resources.  In  addition,  properly  quantifying  environmental  stress  and  individual  animal  responses  to  thermal  stress  are  still  important  challenges  in  breeding  programs.  Thus,  the  identification  of  optimal  statistical  methods  and  traits  that  better  capture  key  biological  mechanisms  involved  in  the  heat  stress  response  has  the  potential  to  enable  more  accurate  selection  for  thermal  tolerant  individuals.  Therefore,  this  thesis  aimed  to  investigate  complementary  topics  related  to  thermal  tolerance  in  livestock  species  based  on  genomic  information.  A  total  of  946  genotypes  from  34  cattle  breeds,  as  well  as  Datong  yak  (Bos  grunniens)  and  Bali  (Bos  javanicus)  populations,  adapted  to  divergent  climatic  conditions,  were  used  to  investigate  the  genetic  diversity  and  unravel  genomic  regions  potentially  under  selection  for  thermal  tolerance,  with  a  focus  on  Chinese  local  cattle  breeds  and  yak.  Different  signature  of  selection  analyses  and  a  comprehensive  description  of  genetic  diversity  in  32  worldwide  cattle  and  Datong  yak  populations  was  presented.  Moderate  genetic  diversity  was  observed  within  each  Chinese  cattle  population.  However,  these  results  highlighted  the  need  to  adopt  strategies  to  avoid  further  reduction  in  the  genetic  diversity  of  these  populations.  Several  candidate  genes  were  identified  as  potentially  under  selection  for  thermal  tolerance,  and  important  biological  pathways,  molecular  functions,  and  cellular  components  were  identified,  which  contribute  to  our  understanding  of  the  genetic  background  of  thermal  tolerance  in  Bosspecies.  Secondly,  8,992  genotyped  individuals  were  used  to  provide  a  comprehensive  description  of  genotype-by-environment  interaction  effects,  defining  optimal  environmental  variables  based  on  public  weather  station  data,  and  critical  periods  to  evaluate  heat  tolerance  for  various  reproduction,  growth,  and  body  composition  traits  in  US  Large  White  pigs.  The  period  of  30  days  before  the  measurement  date  was  suggested  to  analyze  genotype-by-environment  interaction  for  off-test  weight,  muscle  depth,  and  backfat  thickness.  While  for  number  of  piglets  weaned  and  weaning  weight,  the  suggested  period  ranged  from  the  last  trimester  of  gestation  until  weaning.  This  same  population  was  used  to  access  the  genomic  predictive  ability  of  heat  tolerance  based  on  routinelymeasured  traits  and  explore  candidate  regions  involved  in  the  biological  mechanisms  that  underlie  heat  stress  response  in  pigs.  Genotype-by-environment  interaction  was  identified  for  most  of  the  traits  evaluated,  and  moderate  (0.36  ±  0.05)  breeding  values  prediction  accuracy  were  achieved  using  genomic  information.  Lastly,  various  behavioral,  anatomical,  and  physiological  indicators  of  heat  stress  were  measured  in  a  population  of  1,645  multiparous  Large  White  x  Landrace  lactating  sows.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0183.
■650  4▼aPhysiology.
■650  4▼aHumidity.
■650  4▼aLivestock.
■650  4▼aFeeds.
■650  4▼aNutrition.
■650  4▼aHogs.
■650  4▼aHeat.
■650  4▼aGenomes.
■650  4▼aSkin.
■650  4▼aMetabolism.
■650  4▼aGenomics.
■650  4▼aRespiration.
■650  4▼aClimate  change.
■650  4▼aEnvironmental  conditions.
■650  4▼aHaplotypes.
■650  4▼aUltrasonic  imaging.
■650  4▼aWeaning.
■650  4▼aAnimal  sciences.
■650  4▼aAtmospheric  sciences.
■650  4▼aGenetics.
■650  4▼aMedical  imaging.
■690    ▼a0570
■690    ▼a0404
■690    ▼a0719
■690    ▼a0475
■690    ▼a0725
■690    ▼a0369
■690    ▼a0574
■71020▼aPurdue  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-01B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0183
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2022
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16932864▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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