자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0016932748

International Standard Book Number  

9798379842826

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

574.19

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Wolfe, Zachery.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : Purdue University., 2022

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2022

Physical Description  

1 online resource(89 p.)

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: B.

General Note  

Advisor: Scharf, Michael E.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Purdue University, 2022.

Restrictions on Access Note  

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Summary, Etc.  

요약The German cockroach (Blattella germanica) is a notorious urban pest with exceptional insecticide resistance capabilities at the population level. German cockroaches are widespread in human-dominated urban areas, and are especially impactful in multi-family housing communities. Since German cockroaches host a wide variety of gut microbial species, there is reason to suspect that these gut microbes have an impact on insecticide resistance, tolerance, and/or degradation. The objectives of this dissertation included comparing the whole gut bacterial profiles of insecticide resistant and susceptible B. germanicaand determining how these profiles, as well as the structure and function of the gut microbiome, change in the presence of an antibiotic. Additional goals were to investigate how antibiotic treatment impacts the toxicity of the bait insecticides fipronil, abamectin and indoxacarb, and to determine how gut bacteria, and specifically the enzymes originating within gut bacteria, metabolize and convert ingested indoxacarb into its toxic metabolite DCJW. Findings show that pre-treatment with the antimicrobial compound kanamycin (KAN) led to reductions in resistance levels for fipronil and abamectin, but also increased basal toxicity levels in both resistant and susceptible strains tested. 16S bacterial sequence surveys revealed that resistant and susceptible cockroach strains were more similar before KAN treatment than after, with a stronger dysbiosis effect in the resistant strain. For the insecticide indoxacarb, regardless of strain, roaches treated with kanamycininfused water in feeding bioassays were more susceptible compared to the control treatment, but in vial (surface contact) bioassays, only susceptible cockroaches experienced a significant shift in mortality. When the frass of indoxacarb-fed cockroaches was analyzed, fewer molecules of the hydrolytic metabolite DCJW were produced with the introduction of an antibiotic (KAN). This result was further corroborated by esterase activity assays of whole homogenized cockroach guts. All results considered, these findings provide novel evidence of microbe-mediated proinsecticide activation in the cockroach gut. Overall, the results of this dissertation reveal previously unknown relationships between gut microbiota and their insect hosts. These microbiome relationships exposed important cockroach strain differences which may extend to the host population level. Furthermore, this research has connected a change in enzyme activity in the gut microbiome with indoxacarb, a very important marketplace pro-insecticide.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Biological assays.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Cockroaches.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Mutation.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Pesticides.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Agricultural chemistry.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Chemistry.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Entomology.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Organic chemistry.

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

Purdue University.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-01B.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertation Abstract International

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:641598