자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0016933545

International Standard Book Number  

9798380332385

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

614.4

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Irish, Amanda Michelle.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : University of California, San Francisco., 2023

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023

Physical Description  

1 online resource(86 p.)

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: A.

General Note  

Advisor: Vable, Anusha.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, San Francisco, 2023.

Restrictions on Access Note  

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Summary, Etc.  

요약More schooling predicts better cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes, but a causal relationship between education and later-life blood pressure (BP) outcomes is less clear. Most prior work also evaluates the effect of education at the mean of BP, giving little insight into effects across the whole outcome distribution. We leveraged natural experiments, variation in compulsory schooling laws (CSLs) affecting K-12 education in the US as well as variation in the availability of colleges by state in the US, to evaluate how increased education impacted later-life BP. We also evaluate the intention-to-treat (ITT) association of college availability with later-life BP. We used quantile regression to evaluate the effects of education along the distribution of BP.We performed two-sample instrumental variable (IV) analyses using data from the US Census and from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to evaluate how variation in CSLs and college availability impacted later-life BP. In these analyses, we used linear regression in the first stage and both linear and quantile regression in the second stage. In the ITT analysis, we used linear and quantile regression. All models were adjusted for individual- and state-level covariates. To evaluate whether the effects of education varied by race and sex, we also generated results with race by sex interaction terms. We found no evidence of an effect of education on BP in the overall study population for the CSL IV analysis. In the college IV analysis, we found that increasing the number of colleges in a state decreased SBP, although confidence intervals included the null in CQR models. In the overall ITT analysis, we found no evidence of an association for 2-year colleges, but a small decrease in SBP associated with each additional 4-year college.In subgroup analyses, however, we found important differences in the effect of education. In the CSL IV analysis, among White women, each additional year of K-12 education consistently lowered SBP across the SBP distribution, while among Black men, education consistently elevated SBP across the SBP distribution. In the college IV analysis, among White women, each additional 2- or 4-year college consistently lowered SBP across the SBP distribution while effect estimates in other subgroups all included the null. In ITT analyses, we found that women had decreased SBP at the upper end of the SBP distribution while men had increased SBP over the same range. Black women consistently had decreased SBP associated with additional 2- and 4-year colleges, although estimates were imprecise.In subgroup analyses, however, we found important differences in the effect of education. In the CSL IV analysis, among White women, each additional year of K-12 education consistently lowered SBP across the SBP distribution, while among Black men, education consistently elevated SBP across the SBP distribution. In the college IV analysis, among White women, each additional 2- or 4-year college consistently lowered SBP across the SBP distribution while effect estimates in other subgroups all included the null. In ITT analyses, we found that women had decreased SBP at the upper end of the SBP distribution while men had increased SBP over the same range. Black women consistently had decreased SBP associated with additional 2- and 4-year colleges, although estimates were imprecise.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Epidemiology.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Public health education.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Health education.

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Blood pressure

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Instrumental variable

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Social epidemiology

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Cardiovascular disease

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

K-12 education

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

University of California, San Francisco Epidemiology and Translational Science

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-03A.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertation Abstract International

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:640020