자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0016931844

International Standard Book Number  

9798379712143

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

576

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Steingard, Caroline Helen.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : Cornell University., 2023

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023

Physical Description  

1 online resource(237 p.)

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.

General Note  

Advisor: Helmann, John D.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 2023.

Restrictions on Access Note  

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Summary, Etc.  

요약Metal ions are essential for maintaining cellular life, as they are used as cofactors in many reactions and can be utilized as structural components of proteins. Metal ions are so important to bacteria that sequestering these metals is an antibacterial strategy employed by vertebrate immune systems. For example, human neutrophils and epithelial cells secrete calprotectin, an abundant antimicrobial protein, which has been shown to sequester zinc and iron from bacterial pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, preventing infection. In Bacillus subtilis, a model system for low G+C Gram-positive bacteria, zinc and iron are required for several essential processes. To maintain homeostasis of the concentrations of these metals, transcriptional regulators control gene expression to combat limitation and excess.Genes involved in responding to zinc excess are under the transcriptional control of CzrA, while genes involved in responding to zinc limitation are under the control of Zur. Zur derepresses genes in three distinct waves, one of which allows for the expression of the zinc importer ZnuABC and the metallochaperone ZagA. It is unknown how ZagA acquires zinc, where the zinc is chaperoned, or how metal transfer takes place. Here we discuss the idea that ZagA may acquire zinc from ZnuABC or zinc-containing ribosomal proteins. Potential clients of ZagA are also discussed.Genes involved in responding to iron limitation are controlled by Fur, and manganese homeostasis is controlled by the transcriptional repressor MntR, both of which control the expression of metal efflux systems. In addition, PerR is a transcriptional repressor that controls expression of PfeT, an iron efflux pump in response to peroxide stress. Here we show that PerR/Fur- and MntR-regulated efflux pumps (PfeT and MnePS, respectively) all contribute to iron efflux and metal ion homeostasis.Finally, this thesis touches upon basic statistical approaches in microbiology as well as a novel outreach program, Write a Researcher, that promotes diversity, equity, and inclusion in STEM by mentoring middle and high school students.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Microbiology.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Biochemistry.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Genetics.

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Bacteria

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

DEI

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Homeostasis

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Metals

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Outreach

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Regulation

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

Cornell University Microbiology

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 84-12B.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertation Abstract International

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:639781