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Beyond Representation: Uncovering the Role of Language and Cognition for Multicompetent Students in Engineering and Science- [electronic resource]
Beyond Representation: Uncovering the Role of Language and Cognition for Multicompetent Students in Engineering and Science- [electronic resource]

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문
Control Number  
0016935249
International Standard Book Number  
9798380718257
Dewey Decimal Classification Number  
400
Main Entry-Personal Name  
Perez, Greses.
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
[S.l.] : Stanford University., 2021
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021
Physical Description  
1 online resource(321 p.)
General Note  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05, Section: B.
General Note  
Advisor: Brown, Bryan;Valdes, Guadalupe;Martinez, Ramon;Pea, Roy;Sheppard, Sheri;Bent, Stacey F.
Dissertation Note  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2021.
Restrictions on Access Note  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
Summary, Etc.  
요약Even though engineering and science are tasked with developing solutions and knowledge for a diverse population, Black and Brown communities remain severely underrepresented in these disciplines. The problem exceeds easy solutions like "a seat at the table" and requires rethinking with whom and for whom the field designs ideas and technologies. Traditionally, underrepresented groups have felt the pressure to assimilate into dominant ways of speaking and knowing because their own languages and experiences are rarely legitimized. As a result, engineering and science have missed opportunities to draw on the creative insights which diverse individuals contribute. This situation often leads to imperfect solutions with real-life consequences for those who are overlooked and society at large. Building a team with a range of experiences is more than checking a demographic box but a necessity to avoid a future with unjust technological solutions. The education of engineers and scientists thus needs to be explicit about the benefits and practices of incorporating the perspectives of multicompetent individuals and their communities. This dissertation suggests moving beyond representation by centering the language and cognitive resources of culturally and linguistically diverse groups.Drawing upon sociocultural frameworks in science education and translanguaging scholarship, the first study of this dissertation argues that factors beyond mere flexible language boundaries influence students use of their full idiolect in engineering and science. This work provides empirical backing to the question of what would happen if we created linguistically inclusive environments for learning engineering in the early grades. The children recruited for the study participated in equivalent lessons about engineering design with three different language contexts: English, Spanish and both languages. The findings suggested the influence of broader social norms in engineering learning, particularly on students availing themselves of opportunities to draw on their repertoire. Though the learning environment afforded possibilities for students to draw on their language resources, many learners did not tap them when engaged in design. Educational and social expectations about language use made engagement in disciplinary discourses through translanguaging difficult for students. The results signal the relevance of investigating how power structures shape norms about technical and scientific talk, particularly the impact of audience.Building on the arguments from the first manuscript, the second study brings attention to the relationship between audience and language use in engineering, specifically the influence of diversity in the professoriate on choices about ways of speaking. This work uses a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design to identify the factors undergraduates consider in claims of language use in private (home) and public (school) spheres. The data included responses to a national Language Use Survey from Latinx students in STEM fields (primarily engineering) who grew up in Spanish-speaking households. The findings illustrated factors (other than adherence to language boundaries) influencing the ways people speak in the disciplines. This study documented a strong effect of audience on language choices (i.e., who STEM undergraduates talk with shapes how they use their repertoire). Students also reported making decisions about language contingent on topic and place, but the influence of these factors comes from associations with particular audiences. The interlocutors and listeners in engineering, particularly those in positions of power, exert an enormous amount of influence in language use. Inspired by the literature on audience design from sociolinguistics and justice-centered science education, this paper exposed the link between the lack of representation of faculty of color (particularly Latinx professors) and language preferences in engineering education. This work draws attention to the messages that students received from disciplinary audiences because of the lack of diversity in the professoriate.The third study investigates the relationship between language, cognition, and idea generation through the lens of situated learning traditions and frameworks of design justice in engineering. It explores the role of language in creating equitable engineering solutions by indexing the diversity of experiences within multicompetent communities. Through a virtual experiment about design, engineering students were randomly assigned to implicit instruction in the form of language conditions. All participants then received explicit instruction through a prompt. Undergraduates generated features for the next-generation household appliances either in a Spanish and English or English-only condition. After their first design, participants were explicitly prompted to think about culture and language in their considerations. Results suggested that language conditions, in alignment with the linguistic resources of students, led participants to bring into design a set of cultural and linguistic values associated with their communities. Students in the English-only condition were less predisposed to draw on the experiences of their private spheres when thinking about components for the appliance, whereas those in the both languages group were more inclined to contemplate aspects of their own communities in their work. Regardless of the condition, all students benefited from explicit instruction to incorporate culture and language features in their project considerations. Through implicit or explicit instruction, treating the ways of knowing and speaking of multicompetent students as assets for engineering resulted in design considerations that incorporate cultural and linguistic aspects of traditionally underrepresented communities.The conclusion of this dissertation presents the implications of this body of work taken as a whole for researchers and practitioners regarding language use and cognition in engineering and science as well as future scholarship in design justice. It emphasizes the importance of (i) factors (beyond flexibility in language boundaries) influencing student use of their linguistic range, (ii) audience (particularly diversity of the professoriate) when thinking about language in engineering, and (iii) diversity of experiences (indexed through language) for generating equitable design solutions for a just society.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Language.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Culture.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Audiences.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Demographics.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Design engineering.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Feedback.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Cognition & reasoning.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Sociolinguistics.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Social justice.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Small kitchen appliances.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Science education.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Society.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
College students.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Linguistics.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Multiculturalism & pluralism.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Bilingualism.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Graduate students.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Bilingual education.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Cognitive psychology.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Demography.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Design.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Education.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Engineering.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Higher education.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Multicultural education.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Psychology.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Social structure.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Sociology.
Added Entry-Corporate Name  
Stanford University.
Host Item Entry  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-05B.
Host Item Entry  
Dissertation Abstract International
Electronic Location and Access  
로그인을 한후 보실 수 있는 자료입니다.
Control Number  
joongbu:639463

MARC

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■1001  ▼aPerez,  Greses.
■24510▼aBeyond  Representation:  Uncovering  the  Role  of  Language  and  Cognition  for  Multicompetent  Students  in  Engineering  and  Science▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]▼bStanford  University.  ▼c2021
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2021
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(321  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Brown,  Bryan;Valdes,  Guadalupe;Martinez,  Ramon;Pea,  Roy;Sheppard,  Sheri;Bent,  Stacey  F.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2021.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aEven  though  engineering  and  science  are  tasked  with  developing  solutions  and  knowledge  for  a  diverse  population,  Black  and  Brown  communities  remain  severely  underrepresented  in  these  disciplines.  The  problem  exceeds  easy  solutions  like  "a  seat  at  the  table"  and  requires  rethinking  with  whom  and  for  whom  the  field  designs  ideas  and  technologies.  Traditionally,  underrepresented  groups  have  felt  the  pressure  to  assimilate  into  dominant  ways  of  speaking  and  knowing  because  their  own  languages  and  experiences  are  rarely  legitimized.  As  a  result,  engineering  and  science  have  missed  opportunities  to  draw  on  the  creative  insights  which  diverse  individuals  contribute.  This  situation  often  leads  to  imperfect  solutions  with  real-life  consequences  for  those  who  are  overlooked  and  society  at  large.  Building  a  team  with  a  range  of  experiences  is  more  than  checking  a  demographic  box  but  a  necessity  to  avoid  a  future  with  unjust  technological  solutions.  The  education  of  engineers  and  scientists  thus  needs  to  be  explicit  about  the  benefits  and  practices  of  incorporating  the  perspectives  of  multicompetent  individuals  and  their  communities.  This  dissertation  suggests  moving  beyond  representation  by  centering  the  language  and  cognitive  resources  of  culturally  and  linguistically  diverse  groups.Drawing  upon  sociocultural  frameworks  in  science  education  and  translanguaging  scholarship,  the  first  study  of  this  dissertation  argues  that  factors  beyond  mere  flexible  language  boundaries  influence  students  use  of  their  full  idiolect  in  engineering  and  science.  This  work  provides  empirical  backing  to  the  question  of  what  would  happen  if  we  created  linguistically  inclusive  environments  for  learning  engineering  in  the  early  grades.  The  children  recruited  for  the  study  participated  in  equivalent  lessons  about  engineering  design  with  three  different  language  contexts:  English,  Spanish  and  both  languages.  The  findings  suggested  the  influence  of  broader  social  norms  in  engineering  learning,  particularly  on  students  availing  themselves  of  opportunities  to  draw  on  their  repertoire.  Though  the  learning  environment  afforded  possibilities  for  students  to  draw  on  their  language  resources,  many  learners  did  not  tap  them  when  engaged  in  design.  Educational  and  social  expectations  about  language  use  made  engagement  in  disciplinary  discourses  through  translanguaging  difficult  for  students.  The  results  signal  the  relevance  of  investigating  how  power  structures  shape  norms  about  technical  and  scientific  talk,  particularly  the  impact  of  audience.Building  on  the  arguments  from  the  first  manuscript,  the  second  study  brings  attention  to  the  relationship  between  audience  and  language  use  in  engineering,  specifically  the  influence  of  diversity  in  the  professoriate  on  choices  about  ways  of  speaking.  This  work  uses  a  mixed-methods  sequential  explanatory  design  to  identify  the  factors  undergraduates  consider  in  claims  of  language  use  in  private  (home)  and  public  (school)  spheres.  The  data  included  responses  to  a  national  Language  Use  Survey  from  Latinx  students  in  STEM  fields  (primarily  engineering)  who  grew  up  in  Spanish-speaking  households.  The  findings  illustrated  factors  (other  than  adherence  to  language  boundaries)  influencing  the  ways  people  speak  in  the  disciplines.  This  study  documented  a  strong  effect  of  audience  on  language  choices  (i.e.,  who  STEM  undergraduates  talk  with  shapes  how  they  use  their  repertoire).  Students  also  reported  making  decisions  about  language  contingent  on  topic  and  place,  but  the  influence  of  these  factors  comes  from  associations  with  particular  audiences.  The  interlocutors  and  listeners  in  engineering,  particularly  those  in  positions  of  power,  exert  an  enormous  amount  of  influence  in  language  use.  Inspired  by  the  literature  on  audience  design  from  sociolinguistics  and  justice-centered  science  education,  this  paper  exposed  the  link  between  the  lack  of  representation  of  faculty  of  color  (particularly  Latinx  professors)  and  language  preferences  in  engineering  education.  This  work  draws  attention  to  the  messages  that  students  received  from  disciplinary  audiences  because  of  the  lack  of  diversity  in  the  professoriate.The  third  study  investigates  the  relationship  between  language,  cognition,  and  idea  generation  through  the  lens  of  situated  learning  traditions  and  frameworks  of  design  justice  in  engineering.  It  explores  the  role  of  language  in  creating  equitable  engineering  solutions  by  indexing  the  diversity  of  experiences  within  multicompetent  communities.  Through  a  virtual  experiment  about  design,  engineering  students  were  randomly  assigned  to  implicit  instruction  in  the  form  of  language  conditions.  All  participants  then  received  explicit  instruction  through  a  prompt.  Undergraduates  generated  features  for  the  next-generation  household  appliances  either  in  a  Spanish  and  English  or  English-only  condition.  After  their  first  design,  participants  were  explicitly  prompted  to  think  about  culture  and  language  in  their  considerations.  Results  suggested  that  language  conditions,  in  alignment  with  the  linguistic  resources  of  students,  led  participants  to  bring  into  design  a  set  of  cultural  and  linguistic  values  associated  with  their  communities.  Students  in  the  English-only  condition  were  less  predisposed  to  draw  on  the  experiences  of  their  private  spheres  when  thinking  about  components  for  the  appliance,  whereas  those  in  the  both  languages  group  were  more  inclined  to  contemplate  aspects  of  their  own  communities  in  their  work.  Regardless  of  the  condition,  all  students  benefited  from  explicit  instruction  to  incorporate  culture  and  language  features  in  their  project  considerations.  Through  implicit  or  explicit  instruction,  treating  the  ways  of  knowing  and  speaking  of  multicompetent  students  as  assets  for  engineering  resulted  in  design  considerations  that  incorporate  cultural  and  linguistic  aspects  of  traditionally  underrepresented  communities.The  conclusion  of  this  dissertation  presents  the  implications  of  this  body  of  work  taken  as  a  whole  for  researchers  and  practitioners  regarding  language  use  and  cognition  in  engineering  and  science  as  well  as  future  scholarship  in  design  justice.  It  emphasizes  the  importance  of  (i)  factors  (beyond  flexibility  in  language  boundaries)  influencing  student  use  of  their  linguistic  range,  (ii)  audience  (particularly  diversity  of  the  professoriate)  when  thinking  about  language  in  engineering,  and  (iii)  diversity  of  experiences  (indexed  through  language)  for  generating  equitable  design  solutions  for  a  just  society.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aLanguage.
■650  4▼aCulture.
■650  4▼aAudiences.
■650  4▼aDemographics.
■650  4▼aDesign  engineering.
■650  4▼aFeedback.
■650  4▼aCognition  &  reasoning.
■650  4▼aSociolinguistics.
■650  4▼aSocial  justice.
■650  4▼aSmall  kitchen  appliances.
■650  4▼aScience  education.
■650  4▼aSociety.
■650  4▼aCollege  students.
■650  4▼aLinguistics.
■650  4▼aMulticulturalism  &  pluralism.
■650  4▼aBilingualism.
■650  4▼aGraduate  students.
■650  4▼aBilingual  education.
■650  4▼aCognitive  psychology.
■650  4▼aDemography.
■650  4▼aDesign.
■650  4▼aEducation.
■650  4▼aEngineering.
■650  4▼aHigher  education.
■650  4▼aMulticultural  education.
■650  4▼aPsychology.
■650  4▼aSocial  structure.
■650  4▼aSociology.
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■690    ▼a0626
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-05B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2021
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16935249▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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