자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0016931004

International Standard Book Number  

9798380622066

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

576

Main Entry-Personal Name  

McCausland, Hayley C.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[S.l.] : University of California, Berkeley., 2021

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021

Physical Description  

1 online resource(82 p.)

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05, Section: B.

General Note  

Advisor: Komeili, Arash.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2021.

Restrictions on Access Note  

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Summary, Etc.  

요약Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are a phylogenetically diverse group of bacteria remarkable for their ability to biomineralize magnetite (Fe3O4) or greigite (Fe3S4) in organelles called magnetosomes. MTB can account for up to 30% of the microbial biomass in a an aquatic habitat. MTB also take up large amounts of iron from the environment in order to form magnetosomes-they are estimated to take up anywhere from ~1-50% of dissolved iron inputs into the ocean. However, relatively little is known about the ecology of MTB, other than species diversity in sampled habitats. On the contrary, much is known about the genetics and cell biology of MTB. The majority of genes required for magnetosome formation are encoded by a magnetosome gene island (MAI) and many of their functions are known. However, no previous studies have involved unbiased genetic analysis of biomineralization genes. This work expands the genetic toolset for studying MTB in the lab and identifies novel genes-or functions of genes-that have an impact on biomineralization. Importantly, this dissertation also lays the groundwork to bridge the gap between genetic and environmental studies of MTB.The first chapter of this dissertation, a published review article, covers the work that has been done on the genetics of MTB and where the field is headed. We focus on the genetics behind the formation of magnetosomes and biomineralization. Then, we cover the history of genetic discoveries in MTB and key insights that have been found in recent years and provide a perspective on the future of genetic studies in MTB.The second chapter of this dissertation, a published primary research article, takes an unbiased approach to study genes, both inside and outside the MAI, needed for magnetosome formation under different growth conditions. First, we developed the use of random barcoded transposon mutagenesis (RB-TnSeq) in Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1 and generated a library of tens of thousands of unique mutant strains. The RB-TnSeq library allowed us to determine the essential gene set of AMB-1 under standard growth conditions. We also performed magnetic selection screen in varied growth conditions to uncover novel genes required for biomineralization in high iron and anaerobic growth conditions. We discovered more nuanced functions for the MAI gene mamT and several ex-MAI genes that may be important for biomineralization.The third chapter of this dissertation, a published review article written in collaboration with Dr. Andy Tay, covers the potential uses for microfluidics devices for studying MTB from separating cells based on magnetic properties to directed evolution to single cell analysis. Being able to study magnetotactic bacteria in highly controlled, quantifiable environments will be a boon to the field. Additionally, using microfluidics devices to mimic natural environments will be valuable for linking the cell biology and genetics of MTB to their ecology. I end the dissertation with a concluding chapter on the future prospects for employing genetics to understand the molecular mechanisms of biomineralization in a variety of environmental contexts.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Microbiology.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Genetics.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Molecular biology.

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Biomineralization

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Magnetotactic bacteria

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

RB-TnSeq

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Magnetosome gene island

Index Term-Uncontrolled  

Magnetosomes

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

University of California, Berkeley Molecular & Cell Biology

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-05B.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertation Abstract International

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:639406