자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0015491176

International Standard Book Number  

9781085796408

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

530

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Luginbuhl, Molly Anne.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[Sl] : University of California, Davis, 2019

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019

Physical Description  

99 p

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-04, Section: B.

General Note  

Advisor: Rundle, John B.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2019.

Restrictions on Access Note  

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Summary, Etc.  

요약Earthquakes are one of the most damaging natural disasters we face, yet our ability to predict the occurrence of these natural disasters is still extremely limited. The main difficulty in understanding the earthquake cycle is the non-linear and multi-scale properties of fault networks coupled with our inability to measure the governing variables, namely the stress profiles of much of the earth's crust. There are, however, useful patterns in earthquake occurrence, the most important being the frequency-magnitude relation. The Gutenberg-Richter frequency-magnitude relation relates the number of large earthquakes to small earthquakes and forms the basis for the nowcasting method, which will be introduced and used extensively in this dissertation to assess seismic hazard. Nowcasting uses "natural time", which in seismicity is the event count of small earthquakes. This is because event count for small earthquakes can be extrapolated to larger earthquakes using Gutenberg-Richter scaling. We review the concepts of natural time and nowcasting and then illustrate seismic nowcasting with five examples. We first consider three examples of induced earthquakes. The Geysers geothermal field in California is an example of an enhanced geothermal system where water is injected into the system in order to produce more steam. This practice generates induced seismicity in the area. For analogous reasons, large injections of waste water from petroleum extraction have generated high rates of induced seismicity in Oklahoma. More dramatically, the extraction of natural gas from the Groningen gas field in the Netherlands has also generated very damaging earthquakes. In order to decrease seismic activity, rates of injection and withdrawal have been reduced in these two cases. We show how nowcasting can be used to assess the success of these efforts. We next consider the aftershock sequence of the 2004 Parkfield earthquake on the San Andreas fault in California. Some earthquakes have higher rates of aftershock activity than other earthquakes of the same magnitude. Our approach allows one to determine rates in real time during the aftershock sequence. Our final example uses the concepts of natural time and nowcasting to address the question of whether large global earthquakes cluster in time.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Computational physics

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Geophysics

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Statistical physics

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

University of California, Davis Physics

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 81-04B.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertation Abstract International

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:566559