자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0015491410

International Standard Book Number  

9781085605168

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

900

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Miller, Emelin Elizabeth.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[Sl] : University of Minnesota, 2019

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019

Physical Description  

219 p

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-02, Section: A.

General Note  

Advisor: Jones, Susan D.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Minnesota, 2019.

Restrictions on Access Note  

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Restrictions on Access Note  

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Summary, Etc.  

요약This dissertation uses methods from history of science and environmental history to understand how British imperialists-politicians, fur traders, and naturalists-rationalized the Arctic between 1550 and 1800. Through early modern understandings of natural history, geography, and medicine, Britons crafted a narrative of the north that positioned it as a British colonial landscape ripe for exploration and exploitation. Beginning with the first English settlement in the New World on a northern island in Baffin Bay, I explore how English imperialists John Dee and Richard Hakluyt used Arthurian legends, classical geography, and the rhetoric of empiricism to cast the north as a place that was in need of British governance and necessary for the success of the British Empire. The second chapter examines how Hudson's Bay Company employees who made observations about northern wildlife and climate experienced the north in the early eighteenth century. For fur trader-naturalists, provisioning food was a central preoccupation in conveying to Europeans the habitability of northern lands, especially in the context of paternalist attitudes towards indigenous peoples. This is juxtaposed with a debate over the existence of the Northwest Passage, highlighting the political stakes of making knowledge claims about northern climates. The third chapter examines how eighteenth-century Britons overlaid European ideas of health upon northern indigenous peoples to justify Hudson's Bay Company treatments of Cree and Athapascan employees: in short, cold climates produced dispassionate behaviors in native peoples, making them immune to the effects of illness, pain, and emotional abuse. This contrasted with Britons who attested to the health of northern climates, calling into question European criteria about healthfulness. The last chapter focuses on the late eighteenth-century Welsh naturalist Thomas Pennant who viewed the Arctic as part of the British Empire, and wrote a natural history of Arctic Zoology, positioning the north geographically within the confines of British sovereignty over nature. Ultimately, each chapter demonstrates the long history of British claims of possession over the Far North, priming it for exploration in the nineteenth century, and reminding us that scientific knowledge can work to dispossess indigenous peoples and construct monolithic and damaging environmental narratives.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Environmental studies

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Science history

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

World history

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

University of Minnesota History of Science Technology and Medicine

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 81-02A.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertation Abstract International

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:566289