자료유형  

 학위논문

Control Number  

0015491397

International Standard Book Number  

9781085794282

Dewey Decimal Classification Number  

158.6

Main Entry-Personal Name  

Habbert, Rachel Emma.

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

[Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2019

Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  

Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019

Physical Description  

118 p

General Note  

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-04, Section: B.

General Note  

Advisor: Schroeder, Juliana.

Dissertation Note  

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2019.

Restrictions on Access Note  

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Summary, Etc.  

요약Momentum and efficacy are important forces to understand for performance-related outcomes in a variety of contexts, from athletic contests to mental challenges to day-to-day tasks. This dissertation explores perceptions and consequences of those forces, in three chapters.In Chapter 1, which includes seven total experiments (N = 3,052), I find that the experience of gaining momentum leads to increased performance expectations (and losing momentum to decreased expectations), but that these expectations are often miscalibrated as compared to actual performance. I further find that participants will bet on their performance expectations when they experience gaining momentum, even though experiencing momentum does not consistently lead to actual performance increases commensurate with expectations.In Chapter 2, I discuss the results of four experiments (N = 1,347). I replicate the findings from Chapter 1 that perceived momentum leads to performance expectations, but I find that link only exists if the performer is judged to have control over the outcome of the contest (i.e., perceiving that the performer has efficacy). When efficacy is either attenuated or not present (e.g., in games of chance), observers no longer believe that gaining momentum will lead to improved performance.In Chapter 3, I present nine experiments (N = 2,729) which uncover and then correct a misprediction about the effect of task ordering on performers' efficacy. I find that people predict that completing tasks in increasing-difficulty (vs. decreasing-difficulty) order will lead to greater felt efficacy and that people consequently prefer to complete tasks in increasing-difficulty order. I then expose that misprediction and find instead that there is either no effect of task ordering on efficacy, or that the opposite is true: completing tasks in decreasing-difficulty order leads to more reported efficacy. Finally, I explore a potential mechanism to correct the misprediction: clearer simulation of the actual experience of completing tasks in different orders.Across these three chapters and 7,128 total participants, I demonstrate a strong link between momentum perceptions and performance expectations but find that these expectations are often miscalibrated as compared to reality. I also show that perceived momentum must signal efficacy in order to affect performance expectations. Finally, I present evidence that efficacy can be generated by completing tasks in decreasing-difficulty order, despite people's expectations that completing tasks in increasing-difficulty order will increase perceived efficacy and their preferences for starting with their easiest task.

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Management

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Personality psychology

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Experimental psychology

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Psychobiology

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Behavioral psychology

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Physiological psychology

Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  

Occupational psychology

Added Entry-Corporate Name  

University of California, Berkeley Business Administration PhD Program

Host Item Entry  

Dissertations Abstracts International. 81-04B.

Host Item Entry  

Dissertation Abstract International

Electronic Location and Access  

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Control Number  

joongbu:566276