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Somatic Loss of Maternal POLA2 Causes Tissue-dependent Cell Death and DNA Damage in POLA2 Mutant Zebrafish
Somatic Loss of Maternal POLA2 Causes Tissue-dependent Cell Death and DNA Damage in POLA2 Mutant Zebrafish

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자료유형  
 학위논문
Control Number  
0015492621
International Standard Book Number  
9781392318676
Dewey Decimal Classification Number  
574
Main Entry-Personal Name  
Lin, Alex Y.
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
[Sl] : The Pennsylvania State University, 2019
Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019
Physical Description  
150 p
General Note  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-12, Section: B.
General Note  
Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
General Note  
Advisor: Cheng, Keith.
Dissertation Note  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2019.
Summary, Etc.  
요약DNA replication is essential to all life. Loss of function mutations of POLA2, a critical component of DNA replication, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Arabidopsis thaliana causes rapid growth arrest. Due to the unicellular nature of S. cerevisiae and embryonic lethality in A. thaliana beyond the 2-cell stage, cell type-dependent effects of somatic deficiency of POLA2 on cell morphology and cellular functions have not been well elucidated. A zebrafish genetic screen for mutations that cause nuclear atypia yielded a mutant, huli hutu (hht), with a pleiotropic phenotype that included nuclear atypia in gastrointestinal cells, apoptotic nuclear fragmentation in the neurons of the brain and eyes, reduced head and eye size, and dorsal curvature of the body. The causative frameshift mutation in pola2, which encodes subunit B of DNA polymerase 慣 (Pol 慣), results in a premature stop codon at the 38th amino acid position of the 600-amino acid protein. Cell cycle and DNA synthesis analyses indicated that loss of pola2 significantly increased the proportion of cells in S-phase and reduced DNA synthesis in hht larvae. DNA damage and cell death were localized to neuronal cells of the brain, eyes, and spinal cord of the hht mutants. The observation of these phenotypes were possible due to the extended 5-7 day survival of the hht fish, which stands in striking contrast with the lethality of the corresponding mutants in yeast and Arabidopsis. Our data suggest this difference is likely explained by the presence of wild-type maternal pola2 in homozygous mutant embryos that supports active DNA synthesis during early embryogenesis. The subsequent depletion of wild-type pola2 leads to defective DNA synthesis, DNA damage, cell death, and cell cycle arrest that result in the tissue-dependent cytological deformities observed in hht.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Molecular biology
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Genetics
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Cellular biology
Added Entry-Corporate Name  
The Pennsylvania State University Cell and Molecular Biology
Host Item Entry  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 80-12B.
Host Item Entry  
Dissertation Abstract International
Electronic Location and Access  
로그인을 한후 보실 수 있는 자료입니다.
Control Number  
joongbu:565111

MARC

 008200131s2019                                          c    eng  d
■001000015492621
■00520200217181748
■020    ▼a9781392318676
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI13917934
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a574
■1001  ▼aLin,  Alex  Y.
■24510▼aSomatic  Loss  of  Maternal  POLA2  Causes  Tissue-dependent  Cell  Death  and  DNA  Damage  in  POLA2  Mutant  Zebrafish
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  Pennsylvania  State  University▼c2019
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2019
■300    ▼a150  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  80-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aPublisher  info.:  Dissertation/Thesis.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Cheng,  Keith.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Pennsylvania  State  University,  2019.
■520    ▼aDNA  replication  is  essential  to  all  life.  Loss  of  function  mutations  of  POLA2,  a  critical  component  of  DNA  replication,  in  Saccharomyces  cerevisiae  and  Arabidopsis  thaliana  causes  rapid  growth  arrest.  Due  to  the  unicellular  nature  of  S.  cerevisiae  and  embryonic  lethality  in  A.  thaliana  beyond  the  2-cell  stage,  cell  type-dependent  effects  of  somatic  deficiency  of  POLA2  on  cell  morphology  and  cellular  functions  have  not  been  well  elucidated.  A  zebrafish  genetic  screen  for  mutations  that  cause  nuclear  atypia  yielded  a  mutant,  huli  hutu  (hht),  with  a  pleiotropic  phenotype  that  included  nuclear  atypia  in  gastrointestinal  cells,  apoptotic  nuclear  fragmentation  in  the  neurons  of  the  brain  and  eyes,  reduced  head  and  eye  size,  and  dorsal  curvature  of  the  body.  The  causative  frameshift  mutation  in  pola2,  which  encodes  subunit  B  of  DNA  polymerase  慣  (Pol  慣),  results  in  a  premature  stop  codon  at  the  38th  amino  acid  position  of  the  600-amino  acid  protein.  Cell  cycle  and  DNA  synthesis  analyses  indicated  that  loss  of  pola2  significantly  increased  the  proportion  of  cells  in  S-phase  and  reduced  DNA  synthesis  in  hht  larvae.  DNA  damage  and  cell  death  were  localized  to  neuronal  cells  of  the  brain,  eyes,  and  spinal  cord  of  the  hht  mutants.  The  observation  of  these  phenotypes  were  possible  due  to  the  extended  5-7  day  survival  of  the  hht  fish,  which  stands  in  striking  contrast  with  the  lethality  of  the  corresponding  mutants  in  yeast  and  Arabidopsis.  Our  data  suggest  this  difference  is  likely  explained  by  the  presence  of  wild-type  maternal  pola2  in  homozygous  mutant  embryos  that  supports  active  DNA  synthesis  during  early  embryogenesis.  The  subsequent  depletion  of  wild-type  pola2  leads  to  defective  DNA  synthesis,  DNA  damage,  cell  death,  and  cell  cycle  arrest  that  result  in  the  tissue-dependent  cytological  deformities  observed  in  hht.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0176.
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology
■650  4▼aGenetics
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■690    ▼a0307
■690    ▼a0369
■690    ▼a0379
■71020▼aThe  Pennsylvania  State  University▼bCell  and  Molecular  Biology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g80-12B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0176
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2019
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T15492621▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202002▼f2020

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